Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping—A Literature Review
The development of autonomous ship technology is currently in focus worldwide and the literature on this topic is growing. However, an in-depth cost and benefit estimation of such endeavours is in its infancy. With this systematic literature review, we present the state-of-the-art system regarding c...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/10/4553 |
| _version_ | 1827692334858371072 |
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| author | Ewelina Ziajka-Poznańska Jakub Montewka |
| author_facet | Ewelina Ziajka-Poznańska Jakub Montewka |
| author_sort | Ewelina Ziajka-Poznańska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The development of autonomous ship technology is currently in focus worldwide and the literature on this topic is growing. However, an in-depth cost and benefit estimation of such endeavours is in its infancy. With this systematic literature review, we present the state-of-the-art system regarding costs and benefits of the operation of prospective autonomous merchant ships with an objective for identifying contemporary research activities concerning an estimation of operating, voyage, and capital costs in prospective, autonomous shipping and vessel platooning. Additionally, the paper outlines research gaps and the need for more detailed business models for operating autonomous ships. Results reveal that valid financial models of autonomous shipping are lacking and there is significant uncertainty affecting the cost estimates, rendering only a reliable evaluation of specific case studies. The findings of this paper may be found relevant not only by academia, but also organisations considering to undertake a challenge of implementing Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships in their operations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:20:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-356182a92eec4b07a70f973a0a24393b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:20:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-356182a92eec4b07a70f973a0a24393b2023-11-21T20:02:19ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-05-011110455310.3390/app11104553Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping—A Literature ReviewEwelina Ziajka-Poznańska0Jakub Montewka1Research Group on Maritime Transportation Risk and Safety, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-225 Gdynia, PolandWaterborne Transport Innovation Foundation, 83-050 Łapino, PolandThe development of autonomous ship technology is currently in focus worldwide and the literature on this topic is growing. However, an in-depth cost and benefit estimation of such endeavours is in its infancy. With this systematic literature review, we present the state-of-the-art system regarding costs and benefits of the operation of prospective autonomous merchant ships with an objective for identifying contemporary research activities concerning an estimation of operating, voyage, and capital costs in prospective, autonomous shipping and vessel platooning. Additionally, the paper outlines research gaps and the need for more detailed business models for operating autonomous ships. Results reveal that valid financial models of autonomous shipping are lacking and there is significant uncertainty affecting the cost estimates, rendering only a reliable evaluation of specific case studies. The findings of this paper may be found relevant not only by academia, but also organisations considering to undertake a challenge of implementing Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships in their operations.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/10/4553autonomous vesseleconomy of unmanned autonomous shipscost of shippingbusiness model |
| spellingShingle | Ewelina Ziajka-Poznańska Jakub Montewka Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping—A Literature Review Applied Sciences autonomous vessel economy of unmanned autonomous ships cost of shipping business model |
| title | Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping—A Literature Review |
| title_full | Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping—A Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping—A Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping—A Literature Review |
| title_short | Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping—A Literature Review |
| title_sort | costs and benefits of autonomous shipping a literature review |
| topic | autonomous vessel economy of unmanned autonomous ships cost of shipping business model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/10/4553 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ewelinaziajkapoznanska costsandbenefitsofautonomousshippingaliteraturereview AT jakubmontewka costsandbenefitsofautonomousshippingaliteraturereview |