Bubbly Water as a Natural Metamaterial of Negative Bulk-Modulus
In this study, an oscillator model of bubble-in-water is proposed to analyze the effective modulus of low-concentration bubbly water. We show that in a wide range of wave frequency the bubbly water acquires a negative effective modulus, while the effective density of the medium is still positive. Th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/9/9/457 |
| _version_ | 1798024186321436672 |
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| author | Pi-Gang Luan |
| author_facet | Pi-Gang Luan |
| author_sort | Pi-Gang Luan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, an oscillator model of bubble-in-water is proposed to analyze the effective modulus of low-concentration bubbly water. We show that in a wide range of wave frequency the bubbly water acquires a negative effective modulus, while the effective density of the medium is still positive. These two properties imply the existence of a wide acoustic gap in which the propagation of acoustic waves in this medium is prohibited. The dispersion relation for the acoustic modes in this medium follows Lorentz type dispersion, which is of the same form as that of the phonon-polariton in an ionic crystal. Numerical results of the gap edge frequencies and the dispersion relation in the long-wavelength regime based on this effective theory are consistent with the sonic band results calculated with the plane-wave expansion method (PWEM). Our theory provides a simple mechanism for explaining the long-wavelength behavior of the bubbly water medium. Therefore, phenomena such as the high attenuation rate of sound or acoustic Anderson localization in bubbly water can be understood more intuitively. The effects of damping are also briefly discussed. This effective modulus theory may be generalized and applied to other bubble-in-soft-medium type sonic systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:59:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3561ae3232cb436a97e684ae497e94c3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:59:31Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-3561ae3232cb436a97e684ae497e94c32022-12-22T04:10:34ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522019-09-019945710.3390/cryst9090457cryst9090457Bubbly Water as a Natural Metamaterial of Negative Bulk-ModulusPi-Gang Luan0Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Jhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, TaiwanIn this study, an oscillator model of bubble-in-water is proposed to analyze the effective modulus of low-concentration bubbly water. We show that in a wide range of wave frequency the bubbly water acquires a negative effective modulus, while the effective density of the medium is still positive. These two properties imply the existence of a wide acoustic gap in which the propagation of acoustic waves in this medium is prohibited. The dispersion relation for the acoustic modes in this medium follows Lorentz type dispersion, which is of the same form as that of the phonon-polariton in an ionic crystal. Numerical results of the gap edge frequencies and the dispersion relation in the long-wavelength regime based on this effective theory are consistent with the sonic band results calculated with the plane-wave expansion method (PWEM). Our theory provides a simple mechanism for explaining the long-wavelength behavior of the bubbly water medium. Therefore, phenomena such as the high attenuation rate of sound or acoustic Anderson localization in bubbly water can be understood more intuitively. The effects of damping are also briefly discussed. This effective modulus theory may be generalized and applied to other bubble-in-soft-medium type sonic systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/9/9/457acoustic metamaterialeffective mediumbubble resonancenegative modulus |
| spellingShingle | Pi-Gang Luan Bubbly Water as a Natural Metamaterial of Negative Bulk-Modulus Crystals acoustic metamaterial effective medium bubble resonance negative modulus |
| title | Bubbly Water as a Natural Metamaterial of Negative Bulk-Modulus |
| title_full | Bubbly Water as a Natural Metamaterial of Negative Bulk-Modulus |
| title_fullStr | Bubbly Water as a Natural Metamaterial of Negative Bulk-Modulus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bubbly Water as a Natural Metamaterial of Negative Bulk-Modulus |
| title_short | Bubbly Water as a Natural Metamaterial of Negative Bulk-Modulus |
| title_sort | bubbly water as a natural metamaterial of negative bulk modulus |
| topic | acoustic metamaterial effective medium bubble resonance negative modulus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/9/9/457 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pigangluan bubblywaterasanaturalmetamaterialofnegativebulkmodulus |