Improved dispersibility of nanofibrillated cellulose via simple microwave-assisted esterification
AbstractNanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) has been successfully esterified by lactic acid (LA) in the presence of HCl catalyst in an aqueous medium using a simple microwave heating process. The degree of substitution (DS) of ester groups on modified NFC (mNFC) was quantified through a systematic chara...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Nanocomposites |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20550324.2023.2285306 |
| _version_ | 1797387045431148544 |
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| author | Supattra Klayya Patcharee Pripdeevech Han Zhang Emiliano Bilotti Nattakan Soykeabkaew |
| author_facet | Supattra Klayya Patcharee Pripdeevech Han Zhang Emiliano Bilotti Nattakan Soykeabkaew |
| author_sort | Supattra Klayya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | AbstractNanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) has been successfully esterified by lactic acid (LA) in the presence of HCl catalyst in an aqueous medium using a simple microwave heating process. The degree of substitution (DS) of ester groups on modified NFC (mNFC) was quantified through a systematic characterization consisting of titration, NMR, and XPS, revealing a consistent trend in the levels of DS in mNFC. The reaction parameters of the microwave heating process including the ratio between NFC and LA (1:10), amount of catalyst (5 wt%), energy input and time, have been optimized, achieving a DS of 0.66 in mNFC with a typical power of 800 Watts in 1 min only. The TEM and XRD results confirmed that the structure and characteristics of the nanofibrillated fibers were preserved following the process. Finally, the improved dispersibility of mNFC with high DS in low polarity solvents and polylactic acid (PLA) matrix was validated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:18:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-35663b74eb984c689f40f9055d8c4753 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2055-0324 2055-0332 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:18:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanocomposites |
| spelling | doaj.art-35663b74eb984c689f40f9055d8c47532023-12-18T16:58:21ZengTaylor & Francis GroupNanocomposites2055-03242055-03322023-12-019117118210.1080/20550324.2023.2285306Improved dispersibility of nanofibrillated cellulose via simple microwave-assisted esterificationSupattra Klayya0Patcharee Pripdeevech1Han Zhang2Emiliano Bilotti3Nattakan Soykeabkaew4School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Muang, Chiang Rai, ThailandSchool of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Muang, Chiang Rai, ThailandSchool of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UKDepartment of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, London, UKSchool of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Muang, Chiang Rai, ThailandAbstractNanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) has been successfully esterified by lactic acid (LA) in the presence of HCl catalyst in an aqueous medium using a simple microwave heating process. The degree of substitution (DS) of ester groups on modified NFC (mNFC) was quantified through a systematic characterization consisting of titration, NMR, and XPS, revealing a consistent trend in the levels of DS in mNFC. The reaction parameters of the microwave heating process including the ratio between NFC and LA (1:10), amount of catalyst (5 wt%), energy input and time, have been optimized, achieving a DS of 0.66 in mNFC with a typical power of 800 Watts in 1 min only. The TEM and XRD results confirmed that the structure and characteristics of the nanofibrillated fibers were preserved following the process. Finally, the improved dispersibility of mNFC with high DS in low polarity solvents and polylactic acid (PLA) matrix was validated.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20550324.2023.2285306Nanocellulosechemical modificationmicrowave heatingdegree of substitutionlactic acidpolylactic acid |
| spellingShingle | Supattra Klayya Patcharee Pripdeevech Han Zhang Emiliano Bilotti Nattakan Soykeabkaew Improved dispersibility of nanofibrillated cellulose via simple microwave-assisted esterification Nanocomposites Nanocellulose chemical modification microwave heating degree of substitution lactic acid polylactic acid |
| title | Improved dispersibility of nanofibrillated cellulose via simple microwave-assisted esterification |
| title_full | Improved dispersibility of nanofibrillated cellulose via simple microwave-assisted esterification |
| title_fullStr | Improved dispersibility of nanofibrillated cellulose via simple microwave-assisted esterification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improved dispersibility of nanofibrillated cellulose via simple microwave-assisted esterification |
| title_short | Improved dispersibility of nanofibrillated cellulose via simple microwave-assisted esterification |
| title_sort | improved dispersibility of nanofibrillated cellulose via simple microwave assisted esterification |
| topic | Nanocellulose chemical modification microwave heating degree of substitution lactic acid polylactic acid |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20550324.2023.2285306 |
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