A Novel Method for the Measurement of Retinal Arteriolar Bifurcation
Abstract Introduction The purpose of this research was to develop protocols for evaluating the bifurcation parameters of retinal arteriole and establish a reference range of normal values. Methods In this retrospective study, we measured a total of 1314 retinal arteriolar bifurcations from 100 fundu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Adis, Springer Healthcare
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Ophthalmology and Therapy |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-023-00881-z |
| _version_ | 1797275608066031616 |
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| author | Guangzheng Dai Sile Yu Shenming Hu Xinze Luan Hairu Yan Xiaoting Wang Pengfei Song Xinying Liu Xingru He |
| author_facet | Guangzheng Dai Sile Yu Shenming Hu Xinze Luan Hairu Yan Xiaoting Wang Pengfei Song Xinying Liu Xingru He |
| author_sort | Guangzheng Dai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction The purpose of this research was to develop protocols for evaluating the bifurcation parameters of retinal arteriole and establish a reference range of normal values. Methods In this retrospective study, we measured a total of 1314 retinal arteriolar bifurcations from 100 fundus photographs. We selected 200 from these bifurcations for testing inter-measurer and inter-method agreement. Additionally, we calculated the normal reference range for retinal arteriolar bifurcation parameters and analyzed the effects of gender, age, and anatomical features on retinal arteriolar bifurcation. Results The measurement method proposed in this study has demonstrated nearly perfect consistency among different measurers, with interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for all bifurcation parameters of retinal arteriole exceeding 0.95. Among healthy individuals, the retinal arteriolar caliber was narrowest in young adults and increased in children, teenagers, and the elderly; retinal arteriolar caliber was greater in females than in males; and the diameter of the inferior temporal branch exceeded that of the superior temporal branch. The angle between the two branches of retinal arteriolar bifurcation was also greater in females than in males. When using the center of the optic disc as a reference point, the angle between the two branches of the retinal arteriole at the proximal or distal ends increased. In contrast, the estimated optimum theoretical values of retinal arteriolar bifurcation were not affected by these factors. Conclusions The method for the measurement of retinal arteriolar bifurcation in this study was highly accurate and reproducible. The diameter and branching angle of the retinal arteriolar bifurcation were more susceptible to the influence of gender, age, and anatomical features. In comparison, the estimated optimum theoretical values of retinal arteriolar bifurcation were relatively stable. Video available for this article. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:15:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3582d6269dab40979389deaa1ef2291f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2193-8245 2193-6528 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:15:55Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Adis, Springer Healthcare |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ophthalmology and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-3582d6269dab40979389deaa1ef2291f2024-03-05T17:53:59ZengAdis, Springer HealthcareOphthalmology and Therapy2193-82452193-65282024-01-0113491793310.1007/s40123-023-00881-zA Novel Method for the Measurement of Retinal Arteriolar BifurcationGuangzheng Dai0Sile Yu1Shenming Hu2Xinze Luan3Hairu Yan4Xiaoting Wang5Pengfei Song6Xinying Liu7Xingru He8Dragonfleye Healthcare Technology LLCDepartment of Public Health, He UniversityDepartment of Public Health, He UniversityDepartment of Public Health, He UniversityDragonfleye Healthcare Technology LLCDepartment of Public Health, He UniversityDalian Medical UniversityDragonfleye Healthcare Technology LLCDepartment of Public Health, He UniversityAbstract Introduction The purpose of this research was to develop protocols for evaluating the bifurcation parameters of retinal arteriole and establish a reference range of normal values. Methods In this retrospective study, we measured a total of 1314 retinal arteriolar bifurcations from 100 fundus photographs. We selected 200 from these bifurcations for testing inter-measurer and inter-method agreement. Additionally, we calculated the normal reference range for retinal arteriolar bifurcation parameters and analyzed the effects of gender, age, and anatomical features on retinal arteriolar bifurcation. Results The measurement method proposed in this study has demonstrated nearly perfect consistency among different measurers, with interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for all bifurcation parameters of retinal arteriole exceeding 0.95. Among healthy individuals, the retinal arteriolar caliber was narrowest in young adults and increased in children, teenagers, and the elderly; retinal arteriolar caliber was greater in females than in males; and the diameter of the inferior temporal branch exceeded that of the superior temporal branch. The angle between the two branches of retinal arteriolar bifurcation was also greater in females than in males. When using the center of the optic disc as a reference point, the angle between the two branches of the retinal arteriole at the proximal or distal ends increased. In contrast, the estimated optimum theoretical values of retinal arteriolar bifurcation were not affected by these factors. Conclusions The method for the measurement of retinal arteriolar bifurcation in this study was highly accurate and reproducible. The diameter and branching angle of the retinal arteriolar bifurcation were more susceptible to the influence of gender, age, and anatomical features. In comparison, the estimated optimum theoretical values of retinal arteriolar bifurcation were relatively stable. Video available for this article.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-023-00881-zInfluencing factorsMeasurement methodRetinal arteriole bifurcation |
| spellingShingle | Guangzheng Dai Sile Yu Shenming Hu Xinze Luan Hairu Yan Xiaoting Wang Pengfei Song Xinying Liu Xingru He A Novel Method for the Measurement of Retinal Arteriolar Bifurcation Ophthalmology and Therapy Influencing factors Measurement method Retinal arteriole bifurcation |
| title | A Novel Method for the Measurement of Retinal Arteriolar Bifurcation |
| title_full | A Novel Method for the Measurement of Retinal Arteriolar Bifurcation |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Method for the Measurement of Retinal Arteriolar Bifurcation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Method for the Measurement of Retinal Arteriolar Bifurcation |
| title_short | A Novel Method for the Measurement of Retinal Arteriolar Bifurcation |
| title_sort | novel method for the measurement of retinal arteriolar bifurcation |
| topic | Influencing factors Measurement method Retinal arteriole bifurcation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-023-00881-z |
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