Implementation of Alternative Mineral Additives in Low-Emission Sustainable Cement Composites
The influence of four naturally occurring mineral additives (zeolite, diatomite, trass and bentonite) on the hydration and properties of cement pastes and mortars was investigated. The materials change the phase composition, heat of hydration (determined by calorimetry) and mechanical properties of...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6423 |
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| author | Ewa Kapeluszna Wojciech Szudek Paweł Wolka Adam Zieliński |
| author_facet | Ewa Kapeluszna Wojciech Szudek Paweł Wolka Adam Zieliński |
| author_sort | Ewa Kapeluszna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The influence of four naturally occurring mineral additives (zeolite, diatomite, trass and bentonite) on the hydration and properties of cement pastes and mortars was investigated. The materials change the phase composition, heat of hydration (determined by calorimetry) and mechanical properties of composites. After 28 days, the amount of Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> was reduced by up to 23% and up to 35% more C-S-H was formed, as proved by TG measurements. Differences were observed in the kinetics of heat release, especially for 25% of the addition. In the calorimetric curves, an additional exothermic effect is observed, related to the alteration in the hydration of C<sub>3</sub>A in cement. From the point of view of beneficial influence on mechanical properties of mortars, the additives could be ranked as follows: bentonite < diatomite, zeolite < trass after 2 days and bentonite < diatomite < trass < zeolite after 28 days of curing. The highest compressive strength (58.5 MPa) was observed for the sample with a 10% addition of zeolite. Zeolite, trass, bentonite and diatomite are all pozzolanic materials; however, their activity varies to an extent due to the differences in their specific surface area and the content of the amorphous phase, responsible for the pozzolanic reaction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:57:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3589665a860b4bd3916c6908d7e7b985 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:57:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-3589665a860b4bd3916c6908d7e7b9852023-11-22T21:11:54ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-10-011421642310.3390/ma14216423Implementation of Alternative Mineral Additives in Low-Emission Sustainable Cement CompositesEwa Kapeluszna0Wojciech Szudek1Paweł Wolka2Adam Zieliński3Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, PolandFaculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, PolandAstra Technologia Betonu Sp. z.o.o, 83-010 Straszyn, PolandFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, PolandThe influence of four naturally occurring mineral additives (zeolite, diatomite, trass and bentonite) on the hydration and properties of cement pastes and mortars was investigated. The materials change the phase composition, heat of hydration (determined by calorimetry) and mechanical properties of composites. After 28 days, the amount of Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> was reduced by up to 23% and up to 35% more C-S-H was formed, as proved by TG measurements. Differences were observed in the kinetics of heat release, especially for 25% of the addition. In the calorimetric curves, an additional exothermic effect is observed, related to the alteration in the hydration of C<sub>3</sub>A in cement. From the point of view of beneficial influence on mechanical properties of mortars, the additives could be ranked as follows: bentonite < diatomite, zeolite < trass after 2 days and bentonite < diatomite < trass < zeolite after 28 days of curing. The highest compressive strength (58.5 MPa) was observed for the sample with a 10% addition of zeolite. Zeolite, trass, bentonite and diatomite are all pozzolanic materials; however, their activity varies to an extent due to the differences in their specific surface area and the content of the amorphous phase, responsible for the pozzolanic reaction.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6423supplementary cementitious materialsmineral additivescement hydrationzeolitediatomitebentonite |
| spellingShingle | Ewa Kapeluszna Wojciech Szudek Paweł Wolka Adam Zieliński Implementation of Alternative Mineral Additives in Low-Emission Sustainable Cement Composites Materials supplementary cementitious materials mineral additives cement hydration zeolite diatomite bentonite |
| title | Implementation of Alternative Mineral Additives in Low-Emission Sustainable Cement Composites |
| title_full | Implementation of Alternative Mineral Additives in Low-Emission Sustainable Cement Composites |
| title_fullStr | Implementation of Alternative Mineral Additives in Low-Emission Sustainable Cement Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Implementation of Alternative Mineral Additives in Low-Emission Sustainable Cement Composites |
| title_short | Implementation of Alternative Mineral Additives in Low-Emission Sustainable Cement Composites |
| title_sort | implementation of alternative mineral additives in low emission sustainable cement composites |
| topic | supplementary cementitious materials mineral additives cement hydration zeolite diatomite bentonite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6423 |
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