Extraction, Enzymatic Modification, and Anti-Cancer Potential of an Alternative Plant-Based Protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i>
The global plant-based protein demand is rapidly expanding in line with the increase in the world’s population. In this study, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was applied to extract protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i> as an alternative source. Enzymatic hydrolysis was used to modify...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/20/3815 |
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| author | Warin Siriwat Sunisa Ungwiwatkul Kridsada Unban Thunnop Laokuldilok Warinporn Klunklin Pipat Tangjaidee Saranyapin Potikanond Lovedeep Kaur Suphat Phongthai |
| author_facet | Warin Siriwat Sunisa Ungwiwatkul Kridsada Unban Thunnop Laokuldilok Warinporn Klunklin Pipat Tangjaidee Saranyapin Potikanond Lovedeep Kaur Suphat Phongthai |
| author_sort | Warin Siriwat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The global plant-based protein demand is rapidly expanding in line with the increase in the world’s population. In this study, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was applied to extract protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i> as an alternative source. Enzymatic hydrolysis was used to modify the protein properties for extended use as a functional ingredient. The successful optimal conditions for protein extraction included a liquid to solid ratio of 30 mL/g, 25 min of extraction time, and a 78% sonication amplitude, providing a higher protein extraction yield than alkaline extraction by about 2.17-fold. The derived protein was rich in essential amino acids, including leucine, valine, and phenylalanine. Protamex and Alcalase were used to prepare protein hydrolysates with different degrees of hydrolysis, producing protein fragments with molecular weights ranging between <10 and 61.5 kDa. Enzymatic hydrolysis caused the secondary structural transformations of proteins from β-sheets and random coils to α-helix and β-turn structures. Moreover, it influenced the protein functional properties, particularly enhancing the protein solubility and emulsifying activity. Partial hydrolysis (DH3%) improved the foaming properties of proteins; meanwhile, an excess hydrolysis degree reduced the emulsifying stability and oil-binding capacity. The produced protein hydrolysates showed potential as anti-cancer peptides on human ovarian cancer cell lines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:14:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-358e391b3a844ddc95d4bd97595b2a3c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:14:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-358e391b3a844ddc95d4bd97595b2a3c2023-11-19T16:30:12ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-10-011220381510.3390/foods12203815Extraction, Enzymatic Modification, and Anti-Cancer Potential of an Alternative Plant-Based Protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i>Warin Siriwat0Sunisa Ungwiwatkul1Kridsada Unban2Thunnop Laokuldilok3Warinporn Klunklin4Pipat Tangjaidee5Saranyapin Potikanond6Lovedeep Kaur7Suphat Phongthai8Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandChemical Industrial Process and Environment Program, Faculty of Science, Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (Rayong Campus), Rayong 21120, ThailandFaculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandFaculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandFaculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandFaculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandSchool of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New ZealandFaculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandThe global plant-based protein demand is rapidly expanding in line with the increase in the world’s population. In this study, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was applied to extract protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i> as an alternative source. Enzymatic hydrolysis was used to modify the protein properties for extended use as a functional ingredient. The successful optimal conditions for protein extraction included a liquid to solid ratio of 30 mL/g, 25 min of extraction time, and a 78% sonication amplitude, providing a higher protein extraction yield than alkaline extraction by about 2.17-fold. The derived protein was rich in essential amino acids, including leucine, valine, and phenylalanine. Protamex and Alcalase were used to prepare protein hydrolysates with different degrees of hydrolysis, producing protein fragments with molecular weights ranging between <10 and 61.5 kDa. Enzymatic hydrolysis caused the secondary structural transformations of proteins from β-sheets and random coils to α-helix and β-turn structures. Moreover, it influenced the protein functional properties, particularly enhancing the protein solubility and emulsifying activity. Partial hydrolysis (DH3%) improved the foaming properties of proteins; meanwhile, an excess hydrolysis degree reduced the emulsifying stability and oil-binding capacity. The produced protein hydrolysates showed potential as anti-cancer peptides on human ovarian cancer cell lines.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/20/3815<i>Wolffia globosa</i>alternative proteinprotein hydrolysatesbioactive peptidesfunctional properties |
| spellingShingle | Warin Siriwat Sunisa Ungwiwatkul Kridsada Unban Thunnop Laokuldilok Warinporn Klunklin Pipat Tangjaidee Saranyapin Potikanond Lovedeep Kaur Suphat Phongthai Extraction, Enzymatic Modification, and Anti-Cancer Potential of an Alternative Plant-Based Protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i> Foods <i>Wolffia globosa</i> alternative protein protein hydrolysates bioactive peptides functional properties |
| title | Extraction, Enzymatic Modification, and Anti-Cancer Potential of an Alternative Plant-Based Protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i> |
| title_full | Extraction, Enzymatic Modification, and Anti-Cancer Potential of an Alternative Plant-Based Protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i> |
| title_fullStr | Extraction, Enzymatic Modification, and Anti-Cancer Potential of an Alternative Plant-Based Protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction, Enzymatic Modification, and Anti-Cancer Potential of an Alternative Plant-Based Protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i> |
| title_short | Extraction, Enzymatic Modification, and Anti-Cancer Potential of an Alternative Plant-Based Protein from <i>Wolffia globosa</i> |
| title_sort | extraction enzymatic modification and anti cancer potential of an alternative plant based protein from i wolffia globosa i |
| topic | <i>Wolffia globosa</i> alternative protein protein hydrolysates bioactive peptides functional properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/20/3815 |
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