Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Gender and Aging
The aging and elderly population are particularly susceptible to cardiovascular disease. Age is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults, but these risks are compounded by additional factors, including frailty, obesity, and diabetes. These factors are known to complicate...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/6/2/19 |
| _version_ | 1819034516760559616 |
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| author | Jennifer L. Rodgers Jarrod Jones Samuel I. Bolleddu Sahit Vanthenapalli Lydia E. Rodgers Kinjal Shah Krishna Karia Siva K. Panguluri |
| author_facet | Jennifer L. Rodgers Jarrod Jones Samuel I. Bolleddu Sahit Vanthenapalli Lydia E. Rodgers Kinjal Shah Krishna Karia Siva K. Panguluri |
| author_sort | Jennifer L. Rodgers |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aging and elderly population are particularly susceptible to cardiovascular disease. Age is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults, but these risks are compounded by additional factors, including frailty, obesity, and diabetes. These factors are known to complicate and enhance cardiac risk factors that are associated with the onset of advanced age. Sex is another potential risk factor in aging adults, given that older females are reported to be at a greater risk for CVD than age-matched men. However, in both men and women, the risks associated with CVD increase with age, and these correspond to an overall decline in sex hormones, primarily of estrogen and testosterone. Despite this, hormone replacement therapies are largely shown to not improve outcomes in older patients and may also increase the risks of cardiac events in older adults. This review discusses current findings regarding the impacts of age and gender on heart disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:34:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-35945fd9b2c54bb092e36026be981167 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2308-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:34:59Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-35945fd9b2c54bb092e36026be9811672022-12-21T19:11:29ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252019-04-01621910.3390/jcdd6020019jcdd6020019Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Gender and AgingJennifer L. Rodgers0Jarrod Jones1Samuel I. Bolleddu2Sahit Vanthenapalli3Lydia E. Rodgers4Kinjal Shah5Krishna Karia6Siva K. Panguluri7Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USAThe aging and elderly population are particularly susceptible to cardiovascular disease. Age is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults, but these risks are compounded by additional factors, including frailty, obesity, and diabetes. These factors are known to complicate and enhance cardiac risk factors that are associated with the onset of advanced age. Sex is another potential risk factor in aging adults, given that older females are reported to be at a greater risk for CVD than age-matched men. However, in both men and women, the risks associated with CVD increase with age, and these correspond to an overall decline in sex hormones, primarily of estrogen and testosterone. Despite this, hormone replacement therapies are largely shown to not improve outcomes in older patients and may also increase the risks of cardiac events in older adults. This review discusses current findings regarding the impacts of age and gender on heart disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/6/2/19aginggendercardiovascular diseaseestrogentestosterone |
| spellingShingle | Jennifer L. Rodgers Jarrod Jones Samuel I. Bolleddu Sahit Vanthenapalli Lydia E. Rodgers Kinjal Shah Krishna Karia Siva K. Panguluri Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Gender and Aging Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease aging gender cardiovascular disease estrogen testosterone |
| title | Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Gender and Aging |
| title_full | Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Gender and Aging |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Gender and Aging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Gender and Aging |
| title_short | Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Gender and Aging |
| title_sort | cardiovascular risks associated with gender and aging |
| topic | aging gender cardiovascular disease estrogen testosterone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/6/2/19 |
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