Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean
<p>In the autumn of 2019, a 5 d long-lasting dust event was observed using a synergy of field measurement techniques in Shanghai. This particular dust event stood out from others due to its unique characteristics, including low wind speed, high relative humidity, elevated levels of gaseous pre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/13853/2023/acp-23-13853-2023.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797635097604653056 |
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| author | D. Lu H. Li M. Tian G. Wang X. Qin N. Zhao J. Huo F. Yang Y. Lin J. Chen Q. Fu Y. Duan X. Dong C. Deng S. F. Abdullaev K. Huang K. Huang |
| author_facet | D. Lu H. Li M. Tian G. Wang X. Qin N. Zhao J. Huo F. Yang Y. Lin J. Chen Q. Fu Y. Duan X. Dong C. Deng S. F. Abdullaev K. Huang K. Huang |
| author_sort | D. Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>In the autumn of 2019, a 5 d long-lasting dust event was observed using a synergy of field measurement techniques in Shanghai. This particular dust event stood out from others due to its unique characteristics, including low wind speed, high relative humidity, elevated levels of gaseous precursors, and contrasting wind patterns at different altitudes. During this event, three distinct dust stages were identified. The first stage was a typical dust invasion characterized by high concentrations of particulate matters but relatively short duration. In contrast, the second stage exhibited an unusual enhancement of ozone, attributed to compound causes of a weak synoptic system, transport from the ocean, and subsidence of high-altitude ozone downdrafted by dust. Consequently, gas-phase oxidation served as the major formation pathway of sulfate and nitrate. In the third stage of dust, a noteworthy phenomenon known as dust backflow occurred. The dust plume originated from the Shandong Peninsula and slowly drifted over the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea before eventually returning to Shanghai. Evidence of this backflow was found through the enrichment of marine vessel emissions (V and Ni) and increased solubility of calcium. Under the influence of humid oceanic breezes, the formation of nitrate was dominated by aqueous processing. Additionally, parts of nitrate and sulfate were directly transported via sea salts, evidenced by their co-variation with Na<span class="inline-formula"><sup>+</sup></span> and confirmed through thermodynamic modeling. The uptake of NH<span class="inline-formula"><sub>3</sub></span> on particles, influenced by the contributions of alkali metal ions and aerosol pH, regulated the formation potential of secondary aerosol. By developing an upstream–receptor relationship method, the quantities of transported and secondarily formed aerosol species were separated. This study highlights that the transport pathway of dust, coupled with environmental conditions, can significantly modify the aerosol properties, especially at the complex land–sea interface.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:17:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-35948d958aa84d80b0e9321e91683aee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:17:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
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| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-35948d958aa84d80b0e9321e91683aee2023-11-07T07:29:12ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242023-11-0123138531386810.5194/acp-23-13853-2023Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the oceanD. Lu0H. Li1M. Tian2G. Wang3X. Qin4N. Zhao5J. Huo6F. Yang7Y. Lin8J. Chen9Q. Fu10Y. Duan11X. Dong12C. Deng13S. F. Abdullaev14K. Huang15K. Huang16Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, ChinaCenter for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, ChinaCenter for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, ChinaCenter for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, ChinaCenter for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, ChinaCenter for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, ChinaState Ecologic Environmental Scientific Observation and Research Station for Dianshan Lake, Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai, 200030, ChinaPudong New Area Environmental Monitoring Station, Shanghai, 200122, ChinaState Ecologic Environmental Scientific Observation and Research Station for Dianshan Lake, Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai, 200030, ChinaState Ecologic Environmental Scientific Observation and Research Station for Dianshan Lake, Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai, 200030, ChinaState Ecologic Environmental Scientific Observation and Research Station for Dianshan Lake, Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai, 200030, ChinaState Ecologic Environmental Scientific Observation and Research Station for Dianshan Lake, Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai, 200030, ChinaSchool of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, ChinaCenter for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, ChinaPhysical Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, TajikistanCenter for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, ChinaInstitute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai, 202162, China<p>In the autumn of 2019, a 5 d long-lasting dust event was observed using a synergy of field measurement techniques in Shanghai. This particular dust event stood out from others due to its unique characteristics, including low wind speed, high relative humidity, elevated levels of gaseous precursors, and contrasting wind patterns at different altitudes. During this event, three distinct dust stages were identified. The first stage was a typical dust invasion characterized by high concentrations of particulate matters but relatively short duration. In contrast, the second stage exhibited an unusual enhancement of ozone, attributed to compound causes of a weak synoptic system, transport from the ocean, and subsidence of high-altitude ozone downdrafted by dust. Consequently, gas-phase oxidation served as the major formation pathway of sulfate and nitrate. In the third stage of dust, a noteworthy phenomenon known as dust backflow occurred. The dust plume originated from the Shandong Peninsula and slowly drifted over the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea before eventually returning to Shanghai. Evidence of this backflow was found through the enrichment of marine vessel emissions (V and Ni) and increased solubility of calcium. Under the influence of humid oceanic breezes, the formation of nitrate was dominated by aqueous processing. Additionally, parts of nitrate and sulfate were directly transported via sea salts, evidenced by their co-variation with Na<span class="inline-formula"><sup>+</sup></span> and confirmed through thermodynamic modeling. The uptake of NH<span class="inline-formula"><sub>3</sub></span> on particles, influenced by the contributions of alkali metal ions and aerosol pH, regulated the formation potential of secondary aerosol. By developing an upstream–receptor relationship method, the quantities of transported and secondarily formed aerosol species were separated. This study highlights that the transport pathway of dust, coupled with environmental conditions, can significantly modify the aerosol properties, especially at the complex land–sea interface.</p>https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/13853/2023/acp-23-13853-2023.pdf |
| spellingShingle | D. Lu H. Li M. Tian G. Wang X. Qin N. Zhao J. Huo F. Yang Y. Lin J. Chen Q. Fu Y. Duan X. Dong C. Deng S. F. Abdullaev K. Huang K. Huang Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean |
| title_full | Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean |
| title_fullStr | Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean |
| title_full_unstemmed | Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean |
| title_short | Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean |
| title_sort | secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean |
| url | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/13853/2023/acp-23-13853-2023.pdf |
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