Arsenicism by Chronic Exposure to Mine Tailings in Peru: An Analysis of 17 Cases with Lesions on Skin and/or Annexes
Willy Ramos,1,2 Alex G Ortega-Loayza,3 Jesús Díaz,4 Jhony A De La Cruz-Vargas,1 Mercedes Tello,5 Gerardo Ronceros,2 Manuel Loayza,1 Ericson L Gutierrez1 1Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas (INICIB), Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru; 2Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Unive...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/arsenicism-by-chronic-exposure-to-mine-tailings-in-peru-an-analysis-of-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CCID |
| _version_ | 1817976761122553856 |
|---|---|
| author | Ramos W Ortega-Loayza AG Díaz J De La Cruz-Vargas JA Tello M Ronceros G Loayza M Gutierrez EL |
| author_facet | Ramos W Ortega-Loayza AG Díaz J De La Cruz-Vargas JA Tello M Ronceros G Loayza M Gutierrez EL |
| author_sort | Ramos W |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Willy Ramos,1,2 Alex G Ortega-Loayza,3 Jesús Díaz,4 Jhony A De La Cruz-Vargas,1 Mercedes Tello,5 Gerardo Ronceros,2 Manuel Loayza,1 Ericson L Gutierrez1 1Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas (INICIB), Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru; 2Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru; 3Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; 4Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, Chiclayo, Peru; 5Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, PeruCorrespondence: Ericson L Gutierrez, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas (INICIB), Universidad Ricardo Palma, Av. Alfredo Benavides 5440, Santiago de Surco, Lima, 15039, Peru, Email eringunza@yahoo.esObjective: To characterize the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of arsenicism from chronic exposure to mine tailings in people with lesions on their skin and/or annexes in two mining districts in the highlands of Peru.Materials and Methods: In this case series study, we included 17 people that presented arsenical lesions in skin and annexes which were identified in two prior studies. We evaluated age, occupation, place of exposure, time of exposure, time of disease, manifestations on skin and annexes, location of lesions, severity, and 24-hour urine clearance of arsenic.Results: The average time of exposure was 16.5 ± 14.7 years, and the average length of disease was 9.8 ± 8.1 years. In this study, 70.6% were men, 41.2% were farmers and 17.6% were underage. The most frequent main manifestations in skin and annexes were plantar keratosis (23.5%), palmar (11.8%), palmoplantar (11.8%) and thoracic keratosis (5.9%). Other manifestations were palmoplantar keratosis with thoracic hyperpigmentation (17.6%), Mees’ lines (17.6%) and hyper/hypopigmentation in thorax and back (11.8%). With relation to the severity of lesions, 35.3% were grade 1 (mild), 29.4 % were grade 0 (asymptomatic), 29.4 % were grade 2 (moderate), and 5.9% were grade 3 (severe). The median of 24-hour urine clearance of arsenic was 55 μg/L/24 hours. No cases of skin cancer were presented.Conclusion: The studied cases of arsenicism with lesions on skin and/or annexes by exposure to mine tailings present with differential characteristics in comparison to other forms of arsenicism such as less severity, lower urine clearance of arsenic, and absence of skin cancer cases.Keywords: arsenicism, mine tailings, Peru |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T22:07:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-35966ed8a430402eab913221db048e92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7015 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T22:07:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology |
| spelling | doaj.art-35966ed8a430402eab913221db048e922022-12-22T02:27:53ZengDove Medical PressClinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology1178-70152022-11-01Volume 152407241479513Arsenicism by Chronic Exposure to Mine Tailings in Peru: An Analysis of 17 Cases with Lesions on Skin and/or AnnexesRamos WOrtega-Loayza AGDíaz JDe La Cruz-Vargas JATello MRonceros GLoayza MGutierrez ELWilly Ramos,1,2 Alex G Ortega-Loayza,3 Jesús Díaz,4 Jhony A De La Cruz-Vargas,1 Mercedes Tello,5 Gerardo Ronceros,2 Manuel Loayza,1 Ericson L Gutierrez1 1Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas (INICIB), Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru; 2Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru; 3Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; 4Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, Chiclayo, Peru; 5Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, PeruCorrespondence: Ericson L Gutierrez, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas (INICIB), Universidad Ricardo Palma, Av. Alfredo Benavides 5440, Santiago de Surco, Lima, 15039, Peru, Email eringunza@yahoo.esObjective: To characterize the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of arsenicism from chronic exposure to mine tailings in people with lesions on their skin and/or annexes in two mining districts in the highlands of Peru.Materials and Methods: In this case series study, we included 17 people that presented arsenical lesions in skin and annexes which were identified in two prior studies. We evaluated age, occupation, place of exposure, time of exposure, time of disease, manifestations on skin and annexes, location of lesions, severity, and 24-hour urine clearance of arsenic.Results: The average time of exposure was 16.5 ± 14.7 years, and the average length of disease was 9.8 ± 8.1 years. In this study, 70.6% were men, 41.2% were farmers and 17.6% were underage. The most frequent main manifestations in skin and annexes were plantar keratosis (23.5%), palmar (11.8%), palmoplantar (11.8%) and thoracic keratosis (5.9%). Other manifestations were palmoplantar keratosis with thoracic hyperpigmentation (17.6%), Mees’ lines (17.6%) and hyper/hypopigmentation in thorax and back (11.8%). With relation to the severity of lesions, 35.3% were grade 1 (mild), 29.4 % were grade 0 (asymptomatic), 29.4 % were grade 2 (moderate), and 5.9% were grade 3 (severe). The median of 24-hour urine clearance of arsenic was 55 μg/L/24 hours. No cases of skin cancer were presented.Conclusion: The studied cases of arsenicism with lesions on skin and/or annexes by exposure to mine tailings present with differential characteristics in comparison to other forms of arsenicism such as less severity, lower urine clearance of arsenic, and absence of skin cancer cases.Keywords: arsenicism, mine tailings, Peruhttps://www.dovepress.com/arsenicism-by-chronic-exposure-to-mine-tailings-in-peru-an-analysis-of-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CCIDarsenicismmine tailingsperu. |
| spellingShingle | Ramos W Ortega-Loayza AG Díaz J De La Cruz-Vargas JA Tello M Ronceros G Loayza M Gutierrez EL Arsenicism by Chronic Exposure to Mine Tailings in Peru: An Analysis of 17 Cases with Lesions on Skin and/or Annexes Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology arsenicism mine tailings peru. |
| title | Arsenicism by Chronic Exposure to Mine Tailings in Peru: An Analysis of 17 Cases with Lesions on Skin and/or Annexes |
| title_full | Arsenicism by Chronic Exposure to Mine Tailings in Peru: An Analysis of 17 Cases with Lesions on Skin and/or Annexes |
| title_fullStr | Arsenicism by Chronic Exposure to Mine Tailings in Peru: An Analysis of 17 Cases with Lesions on Skin and/or Annexes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Arsenicism by Chronic Exposure to Mine Tailings in Peru: An Analysis of 17 Cases with Lesions on Skin and/or Annexes |
| title_short | Arsenicism by Chronic Exposure to Mine Tailings in Peru: An Analysis of 17 Cases with Lesions on Skin and/or Annexes |
| title_sort | arsenicism by chronic exposure to mine tailings in peru an analysis of 17 cases with lesions on skin and or annexes |
| topic | arsenicism mine tailings peru. |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/arsenicism-by-chronic-exposure-to-mine-tailings-in-peru-an-analysis-of-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CCID |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ramosw arsenicismbychronicexposuretominetailingsinperuananalysisof17caseswithlesionsonskinandorannexes AT ortegaloayzaag arsenicismbychronicexposuretominetailingsinperuananalysisof17caseswithlesionsonskinandorannexes AT diazj arsenicismbychronicexposuretominetailingsinperuananalysisof17caseswithlesionsonskinandorannexes AT delacruzvargasja arsenicismbychronicexposuretominetailingsinperuananalysisof17caseswithlesionsonskinandorannexes AT tellom arsenicismbychronicexposuretominetailingsinperuananalysisof17caseswithlesionsonskinandorannexes AT roncerosg arsenicismbychronicexposuretominetailingsinperuananalysisof17caseswithlesionsonskinandorannexes AT loayzam arsenicismbychronicexposuretominetailingsinperuananalysisof17caseswithlesionsonskinandorannexes AT gutierrezel arsenicismbychronicexposuretominetailingsinperuananalysisof17caseswithlesionsonskinandorannexes |