Integrated Adsorption-Photocatalytic Decontamination of Oxytetracycline from Wastewater Using S-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/Calcium Alginate Beads
Integrated wastewater treatment processes are needed due to the inefficient removal of emerging pharmaceuticals by single methods. Herein, an adsorbent-photocatalyst integrated material was fabricated by coupling calcium alginate with sulfur-doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/tungsten disulfide (S-Ti...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| author | Rajeev Kumar Mohammad Omaish Ansari Md Abu Taleb Mohammad Oves Mohamed A. Barakat Mansour A. Alghamdi Naief H. Al Makishah |
| author_facet | Rajeev Kumar Mohammad Omaish Ansari Md Abu Taleb Mohammad Oves Mohamed A. Barakat Mansour A. Alghamdi Naief H. Al Makishah |
| author_sort | Rajeev Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Integrated wastewater treatment processes are needed due to the inefficient removal of emerging pharmaceuticals by single methods. Herein, an adsorbent-photocatalyst integrated material was fabricated by coupling calcium alginate with sulfur-doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/tungsten disulfide (S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads) for the removal of oxytetracycline (OTC) from aqueous solution by an integrated adsorption-photocatalysis process. The semiconductor S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub> hybrid photocatalyst was synthesized with a hydrothermal method, while the integrated adsorbent-photocatalyst S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads were synthesized by blending S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub> with sodium alginate using calcium chloride as a precipitating agent. The physicochemical characteristics of S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads were analyzed using X-ray diffraction <i>,</i> scanning electron microscopy, elemental mapping, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The integrated adsorption-photocatalysis process showed enhanced removal from 92.5 to 72%, with a rise in the OTC concentration from 10 to 75 mg/L respectively. The results demonstrated that the adsorption of OTC onto S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads followed the Elovich kinetic model and Redlich–Peterson isotherm models. The formations of H-bonds, cation bridge bonding, and n-π electron donor-acceptor forces were involved in the adsorption of OCT onto S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads. In the integrated adsorption-photocatalysis, surface-adsorbed OTC molecules were readily decomposed by the photogenerated active radical species (h⁺, O<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup>, and HO<sup>•</sup>). The persulfate addition to the OTC solution further increased the photocatalysis efficacy due to the formation of additional oxidizing species (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>•</sup>⁻, SO<sub>4</sub>⁻). Moreover, S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads showed favorable efficiency and sustainability in OTC removal, approaching 78.6% after five cycles. This integrated adsorption-photocatalysis process offered significant insight into improving efficiency and reusability in water treatment. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-35a71d1fd4644d6ab6fe7e635b3eb04c2023-11-24T13:53:07ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442022-12-011212167610.3390/catal12121676Integrated Adsorption-Photocatalytic Decontamination of Oxytetracycline from Wastewater Using S-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/Calcium Alginate BeadsRajeev Kumar0Mohammad Omaish Ansari1Md Abu Taleb2Mohammad Oves3Mohamed A. Barakat4Mansour A. Alghamdi5Naief H. Al Makishah6Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaCenter of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaCenter of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaIntegrated wastewater treatment processes are needed due to the inefficient removal of emerging pharmaceuticals by single methods. Herein, an adsorbent-photocatalyst integrated material was fabricated by coupling calcium alginate with sulfur-doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/tungsten disulfide (S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads) for the removal of oxytetracycline (OTC) from aqueous solution by an integrated adsorption-photocatalysis process. The semiconductor S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub> hybrid photocatalyst was synthesized with a hydrothermal method, while the integrated adsorbent-photocatalyst S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads were synthesized by blending S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub> with sodium alginate using calcium chloride as a precipitating agent. The physicochemical characteristics of S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads were analyzed using X-ray diffraction <i>,</i> scanning electron microscopy, elemental mapping, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The integrated adsorption-photocatalysis process showed enhanced removal from 92.5 to 72%, with a rise in the OTC concentration from 10 to 75 mg/L respectively. The results demonstrated that the adsorption of OTC onto S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads followed the Elovich kinetic model and Redlich–Peterson isotherm models. The formations of H-bonds, cation bridge bonding, and n-π electron donor-acceptor forces were involved in the adsorption of OCT onto S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads. In the integrated adsorption-photocatalysis, surface-adsorbed OTC molecules were readily decomposed by the photogenerated active radical species (h⁺, O<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup>, and HO<sup>•</sup>). The persulfate addition to the OTC solution further increased the photocatalysis efficacy due to the formation of additional oxidizing species (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>•</sup>⁻, SO<sub>4</sub>⁻). Moreover, S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads showed favorable efficiency and sustainability in OTC removal, approaching 78.6% after five cycles. This integrated adsorption-photocatalysis process offered significant insight into improving efficiency and reusability in water treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/12/1676integrated adsorption-photocatalysisS-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beadsoxytetracycline |
| spellingShingle | Rajeev Kumar Mohammad Omaish Ansari Md Abu Taleb Mohammad Oves Mohamed A. Barakat Mansour A. Alghamdi Naief H. Al Makishah Integrated Adsorption-Photocatalytic Decontamination of Oxytetracycline from Wastewater Using S-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/Calcium Alginate Beads Catalysts integrated adsorption-photocatalysis S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads oxytetracycline |
| title | Integrated Adsorption-Photocatalytic Decontamination of Oxytetracycline from Wastewater Using S-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/Calcium Alginate Beads |
| title_full | Integrated Adsorption-Photocatalytic Decontamination of Oxytetracycline from Wastewater Using S-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/Calcium Alginate Beads |
| title_fullStr | Integrated Adsorption-Photocatalytic Decontamination of Oxytetracycline from Wastewater Using S-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/Calcium Alginate Beads |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrated Adsorption-Photocatalytic Decontamination of Oxytetracycline from Wastewater Using S-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/Calcium Alginate Beads |
| title_short | Integrated Adsorption-Photocatalytic Decontamination of Oxytetracycline from Wastewater Using S-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/Calcium Alginate Beads |
| title_sort | integrated adsorption photocatalytic decontamination of oxytetracycline from wastewater using s doped tio sub 2 sub ws sub 2 sub calcium alginate beads |
| topic | integrated adsorption-photocatalysis S-TiO<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub>/alginate beads oxytetracycline |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/12/1676 |
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