The Effects of Polyphenol, Tannic Acid, or Tannic Acid in Combination with Pamidronate on Human Osteoblast Cell Line Metabolism
Background: This study investigates the effect of tannic acid (TA) combined with pamidronate (PAM) on a human osteoblast cell line. Methods: EC<sub>50</sub> for TA, PAM, and different combination ratios of TA and PAM (25:75, 50:50, 75:25) were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/2/451 |
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| author | Hermizi Hapidin Nor Munira Hashim Mohamad Zahid Kasiram Hasmah Abdullah |
| author_facet | Hermizi Hapidin Nor Munira Hashim Mohamad Zahid Kasiram Hasmah Abdullah |
| author_sort | Hermizi Hapidin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: This study investigates the effect of tannic acid (TA) combined with pamidronate (PAM) on a human osteoblast cell line. Methods: EC<sub>50</sub> for TA, PAM, and different combination ratios of TA and PAM (25:75, 50:50, 75:25) were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The combination index value was utilized to analyze the degree of drug interaction, while trypan blue assay was applied to analyze the cells proliferation effect. The mineralization and detection of bone BSP and Osx genes were determined via histochemical staining and PCR test, respectively. Results: The EC<sub>50</sub> of osteoblasts treated with TA and a 75:25 ratio of TA and PAM were more potent with lower EC<sub>50</sub> at 0.56 µg/mL and 0.48 µg/mL, respectively. The combination of TA and PAM (75:25) was shown to have synergistic interaction. On Day 7, both TA and PAM groups showed significantly increased proliferation compared with control and combination groups. On Day 7, both the TA and combination-treated groups demonstrated a higher production of calcium deposits than the control and PAM-treated groups. Moreover, on Day 7, the combination-treated group showed a significantly higher expression of BSP and Osx genes than both the TA and PAM groups. Conclusion: Combination treatment of TA and PAM at 75:25 ameliorated the highest enhancement of osteoblast proliferation and mineralization as well as caused a high expression of BSP and Osx genes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:50:44Z |
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| id | doaj.art-35ba8abbded5423e967ad975e095de0a |
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| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:50:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-35ba8abbded5423e967ad975e095de0a2023-11-23T14:52:10ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-01-0127245110.3390/molecules27020451The Effects of Polyphenol, Tannic Acid, or Tannic Acid in Combination with Pamidronate on Human Osteoblast Cell Line MetabolismHermizi Hapidin0Nor Munira Hashim1Mohamad Zahid Kasiram2Hasmah Abdullah3Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, MalaysiaBiomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, MalaysiaBiomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, MalaysiaBiomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, MalaysiaBackground: This study investigates the effect of tannic acid (TA) combined with pamidronate (PAM) on a human osteoblast cell line. Methods: EC<sub>50</sub> for TA, PAM, and different combination ratios of TA and PAM (25:75, 50:50, 75:25) were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The combination index value was utilized to analyze the degree of drug interaction, while trypan blue assay was applied to analyze the cells proliferation effect. The mineralization and detection of bone BSP and Osx genes were determined via histochemical staining and PCR test, respectively. Results: The EC<sub>50</sub> of osteoblasts treated with TA and a 75:25 ratio of TA and PAM were more potent with lower EC<sub>50</sub> at 0.56 µg/mL and 0.48 µg/mL, respectively. The combination of TA and PAM (75:25) was shown to have synergistic interaction. On Day 7, both TA and PAM groups showed significantly increased proliferation compared with control and combination groups. On Day 7, both the TA and combination-treated groups demonstrated a higher production of calcium deposits than the control and PAM-treated groups. Moreover, on Day 7, the combination-treated group showed a significantly higher expression of BSP and Osx genes than both the TA and PAM groups. Conclusion: Combination treatment of TA and PAM at 75:25 ameliorated the highest enhancement of osteoblast proliferation and mineralization as well as caused a high expression of BSP and Osx genes.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/2/451bone sialoproteinosteoblastosterixpamidronatesynergismtannic acid |
| spellingShingle | Hermizi Hapidin Nor Munira Hashim Mohamad Zahid Kasiram Hasmah Abdullah The Effects of Polyphenol, Tannic Acid, or Tannic Acid in Combination with Pamidronate on Human Osteoblast Cell Line Metabolism Molecules bone sialoprotein osteoblast osterix pamidronate synergism tannic acid |
| title | The Effects of Polyphenol, Tannic Acid, or Tannic Acid in Combination with Pamidronate on Human Osteoblast Cell Line Metabolism |
| title_full | The Effects of Polyphenol, Tannic Acid, or Tannic Acid in Combination with Pamidronate on Human Osteoblast Cell Line Metabolism |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Polyphenol, Tannic Acid, or Tannic Acid in Combination with Pamidronate on Human Osteoblast Cell Line Metabolism |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Polyphenol, Tannic Acid, or Tannic Acid in Combination with Pamidronate on Human Osteoblast Cell Line Metabolism |
| title_short | The Effects of Polyphenol, Tannic Acid, or Tannic Acid in Combination with Pamidronate on Human Osteoblast Cell Line Metabolism |
| title_sort | effects of polyphenol tannic acid or tannic acid in combination with pamidronate on human osteoblast cell line metabolism |
| topic | bone sialoprotein osteoblast osterix pamidronate synergism tannic acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/2/451 |
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