MOGAD Involving Cranial Neuropathies: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an autoimmune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Patients with MOGAD may develop any combination of optic neuritis (ON), myelitis, brainstem syndrome and encephalitis. Reports of MOGAD w...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/11/1529 |
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| author | Yangsa Du Ling Xiao Zijin Ding Kailing Huang Bo Xiao Li Feng |
| author_facet | Yangsa Du Ling Xiao Zijin Ding Kailing Huang Bo Xiao Li Feng |
| author_sort | Yangsa Du |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an autoimmune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Patients with MOGAD may develop any combination of optic neuritis (ON), myelitis, brainstem syndrome and encephalitis. Reports of MOGAD with cranial nerve involvement are rare. Herein, we report a MOGAD patient with cranial neuropathies. In addition, we summarized the clinical features of the previously reported six MOG-IgG-positive cases with cranial nerve involvement and discussed the underlying mechanisms of MOGAD involving cranial nerves. Cranial neuropathy is an emerging phenotype in MOGAD, which has characteristics of both central and peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement, with the trigeminal nerve being the most commonly affected nerve. MOG antibody testing in patients with cranial neuropathies is warranted, and immunotherapy is advocated when the risk of relapse is high. Although higher antibody titers and persistently positive serological test results are predictive of disease recurrence, the long-term outcomes of MOG-IgG-positive patients with cranial neuropathies remain largely unknown. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:27:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-35bf00c32bb647ef9c29f8323e72df12 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:27:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-35bf00c32bb647ef9c29f8323e72df122023-11-24T07:49:18ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252022-11-011211152910.3390/brainsci12111529MOGAD Involving Cranial Neuropathies: A Case Report and Review of LiteratureYangsa Du0Ling Xiao1Zijin Ding2Kailing Huang3Bo Xiao4Li Feng5Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, ChinaMyelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an autoimmune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Patients with MOGAD may develop any combination of optic neuritis (ON), myelitis, brainstem syndrome and encephalitis. Reports of MOGAD with cranial nerve involvement are rare. Herein, we report a MOGAD patient with cranial neuropathies. In addition, we summarized the clinical features of the previously reported six MOG-IgG-positive cases with cranial nerve involvement and discussed the underlying mechanisms of MOGAD involving cranial nerves. Cranial neuropathy is an emerging phenotype in MOGAD, which has characteristics of both central and peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement, with the trigeminal nerve being the most commonly affected nerve. MOG antibody testing in patients with cranial neuropathies is warranted, and immunotherapy is advocated when the risk of relapse is high. Although higher antibody titers and persistently positive serological test results are predictive of disease recurrence, the long-term outcomes of MOG-IgG-positive patients with cranial neuropathies remain largely unknown.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/11/1529myelin oligodendrocyte glycoproteinMOGADanti-MOGcranial neuropathiesoptic neuritis |
| spellingShingle | Yangsa Du Ling Xiao Zijin Ding Kailing Huang Bo Xiao Li Feng MOGAD Involving Cranial Neuropathies: A Case Report and Review of Literature Brain Sciences myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MOGAD anti-MOG cranial neuropathies optic neuritis |
| title | MOGAD Involving Cranial Neuropathies: A Case Report and Review of Literature |
| title_full | MOGAD Involving Cranial Neuropathies: A Case Report and Review of Literature |
| title_fullStr | MOGAD Involving Cranial Neuropathies: A Case Report and Review of Literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | MOGAD Involving Cranial Neuropathies: A Case Report and Review of Literature |
| title_short | MOGAD Involving Cranial Neuropathies: A Case Report and Review of Literature |
| title_sort | mogad involving cranial neuropathies a case report and review of literature |
| topic | myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MOGAD anti-MOG cranial neuropathies optic neuritis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/11/1529 |
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