Effect of Different Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese Rats
Obesity can be associated with significant metabolic disorders. Our previous study found that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) improved lipid metabolism in obese rats. However, scant attention has been given to exploring the impact of MCTs on glucose metabolism in obese rats. This study is designed...
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2024-01-01
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author | Jiaheng Xia Zhixin Wang Ping Yu Xianghui Yan Junxin Zhao Guohua Zhang Deming Gong Zheling Zeng |
author_facet | Jiaheng Xia Zhixin Wang Ping Yu Xianghui Yan Junxin Zhao Guohua Zhang Deming Gong Zheling Zeng |
author_sort | Jiaheng Xia |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Obesity can be associated with significant metabolic disorders. Our previous study found that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) improved lipid metabolism in obese rats. However, scant attention has been given to exploring the impact of MCTs on glucose metabolism in obese rats. This study is designed to examine the effects and mechanisms of three distinct MCTs on glucose metabolism in obese rats. To induce obesity, Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were fed a high-fat diet, followed by a 12-week treatment with caprylic triglyceride (CYT), capric triglyceride (CT), and lauric triglyceride (LT). The results showed that three types of MCT intervention reduced the levels of lipids (TC, TG, LDL-c, and HDL-c), hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (insulin, OGTT, HOMA-IR, and ISI), and inflammatory markers (IL-4, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in obese rats (<i>p</i> < 0.01), The above parameters have been minimally improved in the high-fat restoring group (HR) group. MCTs can modulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathways to alleviate insulin resistance and improve glucose metabolism in obese rats. Furthermore, MCTs can activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ and reduce the phosphorylation of PPARγ<sup>ser237</sup> mediated by CDK5, which can improve insulin sensitivity without lipid deposition in obese rats. Among the MCT group, CT administration performed the best in the above pathways, with the lowest blood glucose level and insulin resistance. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the connection between health benefits and the specific type of MCT employed. |
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spelling | doaj.art-35cf583d24794e3bb455e13e014872722024-01-29T13:52:07ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582024-01-0113224110.3390/foods13020241Effect of Different Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese RatsJiaheng Xia0Zhixin Wang1Ping Yu2Xianghui Yan3Junxin Zhao4Guohua Zhang5Deming Gong6Zheling Zeng7School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, ChinaInstitute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, ChinaNew Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, 8 Ha Crescent, Auckland 2104, New ZealandJiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, ChinaObesity can be associated with significant metabolic disorders. Our previous study found that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) improved lipid metabolism in obese rats. However, scant attention has been given to exploring the impact of MCTs on glucose metabolism in obese rats. This study is designed to examine the effects and mechanisms of three distinct MCTs on glucose metabolism in obese rats. To induce obesity, Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were fed a high-fat diet, followed by a 12-week treatment with caprylic triglyceride (CYT), capric triglyceride (CT), and lauric triglyceride (LT). The results showed that three types of MCT intervention reduced the levels of lipids (TC, TG, LDL-c, and HDL-c), hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (insulin, OGTT, HOMA-IR, and ISI), and inflammatory markers (IL-4, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in obese rats (<i>p</i> < 0.01), The above parameters have been minimally improved in the high-fat restoring group (HR) group. MCTs can modulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathways to alleviate insulin resistance and improve glucose metabolism in obese rats. Furthermore, MCTs can activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ and reduce the phosphorylation of PPARγ<sup>ser237</sup> mediated by CDK5, which can improve insulin sensitivity without lipid deposition in obese rats. Among the MCT group, CT administration performed the best in the above pathways, with the lowest blood glucose level and insulin resistance. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the connection between health benefits and the specific type of MCT employed.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/2/241medium-chain triglyceridesobesityinsulin resistancePPARγhyperglycemia |
spellingShingle | Jiaheng Xia Zhixin Wang Ping Yu Xianghui Yan Junxin Zhao Guohua Zhang Deming Gong Zheling Zeng Effect of Different Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese Rats Foods medium-chain triglycerides obesity insulin resistance PPARγ hyperglycemia |
title | Effect of Different Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese Rats |
title_full | Effect of Different Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese Rats |
title_fullStr | Effect of Different Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese Rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Different Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese Rats |
title_short | Effect of Different Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese Rats |
title_sort | effect of different medium chain triglycerides on glucose metabolism in high fat diet induced obese rats |
topic | medium-chain triglycerides obesity insulin resistance PPARγ hyperglycemia |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/2/241 |
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