Improved non-woven surgical masks with nanostructured cellulosic reinforcement from sugarcane bagasse waste
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought concerns about the efficacy of respiratory protection equipment, primarily due to their widespread usage during this period. Among the various types of face masks, the N95, PFF3, and PFF2 surgical masks have gained great prominence due to their efficiency, despite t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-05-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424005817 |
| _version_ | 1827216661722169344 |
|---|---|
| author | Luciana Ferreira Zortea Iara Rebouças Pinheiro Lucas Braga Mulin Adriano Reis Prazeres Mascarenhas Jhonatan Nolasco Nascimento Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli Jordão Cabral Moulin Sergio Neves Monteiro Michel Picanço Oliveira |
| author_facet | Luciana Ferreira Zortea Iara Rebouças Pinheiro Lucas Braga Mulin Adriano Reis Prazeres Mascarenhas Jhonatan Nolasco Nascimento Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli Jordão Cabral Moulin Sergio Neves Monteiro Michel Picanço Oliveira |
| author_sort | Luciana Ferreira Zortea |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The COVID-19 pandemic has brought concerns about the efficacy of respiratory protection equipment, primarily due to their widespread usage during this period. Among the various types of face masks, the N95, PFF3, and PFF2 surgical masks have gained great prominence due to their efficiency, despite the discomfort they may cause. Therefore, thinking of a cost-effective and more comfortable solution, this work aimed to reinforce non-woven face masks with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), to improve their filtration efficiency. For this, CNFs were produced using the mechanical processing of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) residues, which underwent plain alkaline pretreatment (CNF-PA) or alkaline pretreatment followed by enzymatic pretreatment (CNF-AE). It was observed that the CNF-AE films developed better characteristics regarding the contact angle, density, porosity, transmittance and transparency as well as vapor permeability compared to the CNF-PA films. The application of CNF on non-woven masks was performed using the spray technique. Bacterial filtration analysis showed filtration efficiency of 99.68% and 99.80% for masks that were coated with CNF-PA and CNF-AE, respectively. Whereas uncoated masks presented a filtration efficiency below 95%, which is the minimum required value. The masks obtained breathability values of 79.75 Pa/cm2 and 106.00 Pa/cm2 for CNF-AE and CNF-PA, respectively, whereas the uncoated masks showed values below 30.00 Pa/cm2. This work shows that the CNF obtained from SCB present good barrier capabilities and should be used for this purpose, especially on protective masks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T20:25:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-35db2c2795d243848314d5ec3ba528e6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-21T15:06:40Z |
| publishDate | 2024-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-35db2c2795d243848314d5ec3ba528e62024-06-20T06:52:22ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542024-05-0130580588Improved non-woven surgical masks with nanostructured cellulosic reinforcement from sugarcane bagasse wasteLuciana Ferreira Zortea0Iara Rebouças Pinheiro1Lucas Braga Mulin2Adriano Reis Prazeres Mascarenhas3Jhonatan Nolasco Nascimento4Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli5Jordão Cabral Moulin6Sergio Neves Monteiro7Michel Picanço Oliveira8Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, Guararema, Campus de Alegre, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, Guararema, Campus de Alegre, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, BrazilDepartment of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Governador Lindemberg, 316 - 6, Centro, 29550-000, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, BrazilDepartment of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Rondônia, Campus Rolim de Moura, 76940-000, Rolim de Moura, RO, BrazilDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, BrazilDepartment of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, BrazilDepartment of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Governador Lindemberg, 316 - 6, Centro, 29550-000, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, BrazilMilitary Institute of EngineeringdIME, Materials Science Program, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-270, Brazil; Corresponding author.Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Governador Lindemberg, 316 - 6, Centro, 29550-000, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil; Corresponding author.The COVID-19 pandemic has brought concerns about the efficacy of respiratory protection equipment, primarily due to their widespread usage during this period. Among the various types of face masks, the N95, PFF3, and PFF2 surgical masks have gained great prominence due to their efficiency, despite the discomfort they may cause. Therefore, thinking of a cost-effective and more comfortable solution, this work aimed to reinforce non-woven face masks with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), to improve their filtration efficiency. For this, CNFs were produced using the mechanical processing of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) residues, which underwent plain alkaline pretreatment (CNF-PA) or alkaline pretreatment followed by enzymatic pretreatment (CNF-AE). It was observed that the CNF-AE films developed better characteristics regarding the contact angle, density, porosity, transmittance and transparency as well as vapor permeability compared to the CNF-PA films. The application of CNF on non-woven masks was performed using the spray technique. Bacterial filtration analysis showed filtration efficiency of 99.68% and 99.80% for masks that were coated with CNF-PA and CNF-AE, respectively. Whereas uncoated masks presented a filtration efficiency below 95%, which is the minimum required value. The masks obtained breathability values of 79.75 Pa/cm2 and 106.00 Pa/cm2 for CNF-AE and CNF-PA, respectively, whereas the uncoated masks showed values below 30.00 Pa/cm2. This work shows that the CNF obtained from SCB present good barrier capabilities and should be used for this purpose, especially on protective masks.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424005817Agro-industrial residuesEnzymatic hydrolysisCellulose nanofibrilsSurgical protection masks |
| spellingShingle | Luciana Ferreira Zortea Iara Rebouças Pinheiro Lucas Braga Mulin Adriano Reis Prazeres Mascarenhas Jhonatan Nolasco Nascimento Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli Jordão Cabral Moulin Sergio Neves Monteiro Michel Picanço Oliveira Improved non-woven surgical masks with nanostructured cellulosic reinforcement from sugarcane bagasse waste Journal of Materials Research and Technology Agro-industrial residues Enzymatic hydrolysis Cellulose nanofibrils Surgical protection masks |
| title | Improved non-woven surgical masks with nanostructured cellulosic reinforcement from sugarcane bagasse waste |
| title_full | Improved non-woven surgical masks with nanostructured cellulosic reinforcement from sugarcane bagasse waste |
| title_fullStr | Improved non-woven surgical masks with nanostructured cellulosic reinforcement from sugarcane bagasse waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improved non-woven surgical masks with nanostructured cellulosic reinforcement from sugarcane bagasse waste |
| title_short | Improved non-woven surgical masks with nanostructured cellulosic reinforcement from sugarcane bagasse waste |
| title_sort | improved non woven surgical masks with nanostructured cellulosic reinforcement from sugarcane bagasse waste |
| topic | Agro-industrial residues Enzymatic hydrolysis Cellulose nanofibrils Surgical protection masks |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424005817 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lucianaferreirazortea improvednonwovensurgicalmaskswithnanostructuredcellulosicreinforcementfromsugarcanebagassewaste AT iarareboucaspinheiro improvednonwovensurgicalmaskswithnanostructuredcellulosicreinforcementfromsugarcanebagassewaste AT lucasbragamulin improvednonwovensurgicalmaskswithnanostructuredcellulosicreinforcementfromsugarcanebagassewaste AT adrianoreisprazeresmascarenhas improvednonwovensurgicalmaskswithnanostructuredcellulosicreinforcementfromsugarcanebagassewaste AT jhonatannolasconascimento improvednonwovensurgicalmaskswithnanostructuredcellulosicreinforcementfromsugarcanebagassewaste AT gustavohenriquedenzintonoli improvednonwovensurgicalmaskswithnanostructuredcellulosicreinforcementfromsugarcanebagassewaste AT jordaocabralmoulin improvednonwovensurgicalmaskswithnanostructuredcellulosicreinforcementfromsugarcanebagassewaste AT sergionevesmonteiro improvednonwovensurgicalmaskswithnanostructuredcellulosicreinforcementfromsugarcanebagassewaste AT michelpicancooliveira improvednonwovensurgicalmaskswithnanostructuredcellulosicreinforcementfromsugarcanebagassewaste |