Evaluation of Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Phytochemical Analysis of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. Scott
In the current study, methanol (ADAM) extracts and their fractions, including chloroform (ADAC), ethyl acetate (ADAE), n-hexane (ADAH), and aqueous (ADAA) fractions, were prepared from aerial parts of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> and evaluated for phytochemical assessment, high-resolution...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/2/354 |
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| author | Rabia Maqsood Faizullah Khan Saeed Ullah Ajmal Khan Habib Al-Jahdhami Javid Hussain Afaf M. Weli Danial Maqsood Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman Amjad Hussain Najeeb Ur Rehman Ahmed Al-Harrasi |
| author_facet | Rabia Maqsood Faizullah Khan Saeed Ullah Ajmal Khan Habib Al-Jahdhami Javid Hussain Afaf M. Weli Danial Maqsood Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman Amjad Hussain Najeeb Ur Rehman Ahmed Al-Harrasi |
| author_sort | Rabia Maqsood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the current study, methanol (ADAM) extracts and their fractions, including chloroform (ADAC), ethyl acetate (ADAE), n-hexane (ADAH), and aqueous (ADAA) fractions, were prepared from aerial parts of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> and evaluated for phytochemical assessment, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) analysis, and in vitro bioassays. The qualitative analysis determined that, except alkaloids, all the representative groups were found to be present in the analyzed samples. Samples under quantitative study displayed the highest amount of total phenolic contents in the ADAE fraction, while total flavonoid contents were highest in the ADAM extract. The ADAM extract was subjected to HR-ESI-MS to identify the chemical constituents that presented twenty-two bioactive ingredients, outlined for the first time from <i>A. dhofarica,</i> mainly contributed by sub-class flavanones. In the case of antimicrobial activity, the ADAE extract revealed an effective zone of inhibition (ZOI) against the Gram-positive bacterial strain (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) with an MIC value of 0.78 ± 0.3 mg/mL, while the ADAA extract exhibited higher ZOI (34 ± 0.12 mm) against the fungal strain <i>Candida kruzei</i> with an MIC of 0.78 mg/mL. In the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) analysis, the ADAE extract exhibited a maximum scavenging potential with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 9.8 ± 1.2 μg/mL, succeeded by the ADAM extract with an IC50 of 17.4 ± 0.4 μg/mL free radical scavenging capability. In the antidiabetic assessment, the ADAE extract was the most effective, with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 6.40 ± 0.1 μg/mL, while the same extract demonstrated prominent activity with 30.8% viability and an IC<sub>50</sub> of 6.2 ± 0.3 μg/mL against breast cancer cell lines. The brine shrimp lethality assay demonstrated a correlation with the in vitro cytotoxicity assay, showing the ADAE extract as the most active, with a 70% mortality rate and an LC<sub>50</sub> of 300.1 μg/mL. In conclusion, all the tested samples, especially the ADAE and ADAM extracts, have significant capabilities for the investigated activities that could be due to the presence of the bioactive compounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:14:49Z |
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| id | doaj.art-35e1f18f954e4a28bcd641d898b67be7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:14:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-35e1f18f954e4a28bcd641d898b67be72023-11-16T18:43:50ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-02-0112235410.3390/antibiotics12020354Evaluation of Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Phytochemical Analysis of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. ScottRabia Maqsood0Faizullah Khan1Saeed Ullah2Ajmal Khan3Habib Al-Jahdhami4Javid Hussain5Afaf M. Weli6Danial Maqsood7Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman8Amjad Hussain9Najeeb Ur Rehman10Ahmed Al-Harrasi11Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanNatural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanNatural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanNatural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanNatural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanDepartment of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanSchool of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nursing, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, PakistanNatural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56300, PakistanNatural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanNatural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, OmanIn the current study, methanol (ADAM) extracts and their fractions, including chloroform (ADAC), ethyl acetate (ADAE), n-hexane (ADAH), and aqueous (ADAA) fractions, were prepared from aerial parts of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> and evaluated for phytochemical assessment, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) analysis, and in vitro bioassays. The qualitative analysis determined that, except alkaloids, all the representative groups were found to be present in the analyzed samples. Samples under quantitative study displayed the highest amount of total phenolic contents in the ADAE fraction, while total flavonoid contents were highest in the ADAM extract. The ADAM extract was subjected to HR-ESI-MS to identify the chemical constituents that presented twenty-two bioactive ingredients, outlined for the first time from <i>A. dhofarica,</i> mainly contributed by sub-class flavanones. In the case of antimicrobial activity, the ADAE extract revealed an effective zone of inhibition (ZOI) against the Gram-positive bacterial strain (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) with an MIC value of 0.78 ± 0.3 mg/mL, while the ADAA extract exhibited higher ZOI (34 ± 0.12 mm) against the fungal strain <i>Candida kruzei</i> with an MIC of 0.78 mg/mL. In the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) analysis, the ADAE extract exhibited a maximum scavenging potential with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 9.8 ± 1.2 μg/mL, succeeded by the ADAM extract with an IC50 of 17.4 ± 0.4 μg/mL free radical scavenging capability. In the antidiabetic assessment, the ADAE extract was the most effective, with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 6.40 ± 0.1 μg/mL, while the same extract demonstrated prominent activity with 30.8% viability and an IC<sub>50</sub> of 6.2 ± 0.3 μg/mL against breast cancer cell lines. The brine shrimp lethality assay demonstrated a correlation with the in vitro cytotoxicity assay, showing the ADAE extract as the most active, with a 70% mortality rate and an LC<sub>50</sub> of 300.1 μg/mL. In conclusion, all the tested samples, especially the ADAE and ADAM extracts, have significant capabilities for the investigated activities that could be due to the presence of the bioactive compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/2/354<i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. ScottcytotoxicityantimicrobialHR-ESI-MSantidiabeticphytochemical analysis |
| spellingShingle | Rabia Maqsood Faizullah Khan Saeed Ullah Ajmal Khan Habib Al-Jahdhami Javid Hussain Afaf M. Weli Danial Maqsood Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman Amjad Hussain Najeeb Ur Rehman Ahmed Al-Harrasi Evaluation of Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Phytochemical Analysis of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. Scott Antibiotics <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. Scott cytotoxicity antimicrobial HR-ESI-MS antidiabetic phytochemical analysis |
| title | Evaluation of Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Phytochemical Analysis of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. Scott |
| title_full | Evaluation of Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Phytochemical Analysis of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. Scott |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Phytochemical Analysis of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. Scott |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Phytochemical Analysis of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. Scott |
| title_short | Evaluation of Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Phytochemical Analysis of <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. Scott |
| title_sort | evaluation of antiproliferative antimicrobial antioxidant antidiabetic and phytochemical analysis of i anogeissus dhofarica i a j scott |
| topic | <i>Anogeissus dhofarica</i> A. J. Scott cytotoxicity antimicrobial HR-ESI-MS antidiabetic phytochemical analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/2/354 |
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