Tempered Bainite and Martensite Embrittlement in Microalloyed Steel for Forged Railroad Wheel to Heavy Haul Application
Abstract This research shows two new microalloyed steels with niobium (Nb) for railroad wheels (Nb1 and Nb2) applied on heavy haul transportation (load over 30 tons/axle). The steels have mixed microstructure composed of pearlite and bainite (finished wheel rim section), and another one composed of...
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Associação Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associação Brasileira de Cerâmica (ABC); Associação Brasileira de Polímeros (ABPol)
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Materials Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392021000300214&tlng=en |
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| author | Domingos José Minicucci Renato Lyra Villas Boas Márcio Quintino Solange Tamara Fonseca Andrei Bavaresco Resende Paulo Roberto Mei |
| author_facet | Domingos José Minicucci Renato Lyra Villas Boas Márcio Quintino Solange Tamara Fonseca Andrei Bavaresco Resende Paulo Roberto Mei |
| author_sort | Domingos José Minicucci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This research shows two new microalloyed steels with niobium (Nb) for railroad wheels (Nb1 and Nb2) applied on heavy haul transportation (load over 30 tons/axle). The steels have mixed microstructure composed of pearlite and bainite (finished wheel rim section), and another one composed of martensite with bainite (black wheel section removed on machining) obtained by continuous cooling quenching heat treatment followed by tempering. The bainitic and martensitic microstructure are sensitive to the temper embrittlement phenomenon; therefore, knowing the embrittlement temperature range of these steels is mandatory in order to avoid such an event in the tempering process. Charpy specimens were extracted from the rim of railroad wheels, austenitized (860 ºC), quenched in water for four minutes, and tempered at different temperatures to obtain the embrittlement curve. Three materials were compared: AAR (Association of American Railroads) Class C steel with pearlitic microstructure (not sensitive to embrittlement), Nb1, and Nb2 microalloyed steels with martensitic, bainitic, and pearlitic microstructures. The microalloyed steels have niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), and silicon (Si) addition. The effect of Si content and the microstructure (analyzed by Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM)), regarding the embrittlement phenomenon, was also studied. The microstructure of Nb2 steel was analyzed by with Transmission Electronic Microscope (TEM) for improving its characterization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:43:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-361c5682436d4082972a895230d7edc1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1516-1439 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:43:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Associação Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associação Brasileira de Cerâmica (ABC); Associação Brasileira de Polímeros (ABPol) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-361c5682436d4082972a895230d7edc12022-12-22T04:13:37ZengAssociação Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associação Brasileira de Cerâmica (ABC); Associação Brasileira de Polímeros (ABPol)Materials Research1516-14392021-04-0124310.1590/1980-5373-mr-2020-0430Tempered Bainite and Martensite Embrittlement in Microalloyed Steel for Forged Railroad Wheel to Heavy Haul ApplicationDomingos José Minicuccihttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-1388Renato Lyra Villas BoasMárcio QuintinoSolange Tamara Fonsecahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9930-6434Andrei Bavaresco ResendePaulo Roberto Meihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-9674Abstract This research shows two new microalloyed steels with niobium (Nb) for railroad wheels (Nb1 and Nb2) applied on heavy haul transportation (load over 30 tons/axle). The steels have mixed microstructure composed of pearlite and bainite (finished wheel rim section), and another one composed of martensite with bainite (black wheel section removed on machining) obtained by continuous cooling quenching heat treatment followed by tempering. The bainitic and martensitic microstructure are sensitive to the temper embrittlement phenomenon; therefore, knowing the embrittlement temperature range of these steels is mandatory in order to avoid such an event in the tempering process. Charpy specimens were extracted from the rim of railroad wheels, austenitized (860 ºC), quenched in water for four minutes, and tempered at different temperatures to obtain the embrittlement curve. Three materials were compared: AAR (Association of American Railroads) Class C steel with pearlitic microstructure (not sensitive to embrittlement), Nb1, and Nb2 microalloyed steels with martensitic, bainitic, and pearlitic microstructures. The microalloyed steels have niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), and silicon (Si) addition. The effect of Si content and the microstructure (analyzed by Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM)), regarding the embrittlement phenomenon, was also studied. The microstructure of Nb2 steel was analyzed by with Transmission Electronic Microscope (TEM) for improving its characterization.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392021000300214&tlng=enmicroalloy steeltemper embrittlementbainiterailroad wheels |
| spellingShingle | Domingos José Minicucci Renato Lyra Villas Boas Márcio Quintino Solange Tamara Fonseca Andrei Bavaresco Resende Paulo Roberto Mei Tempered Bainite and Martensite Embrittlement in Microalloyed Steel for Forged Railroad Wheel to Heavy Haul Application Materials Research microalloy steel temper embrittlement bainite railroad wheels |
| title | Tempered Bainite and Martensite Embrittlement in Microalloyed Steel for Forged Railroad Wheel to Heavy Haul Application |
| title_full | Tempered Bainite and Martensite Embrittlement in Microalloyed Steel for Forged Railroad Wheel to Heavy Haul Application |
| title_fullStr | Tempered Bainite and Martensite Embrittlement in Microalloyed Steel for Forged Railroad Wheel to Heavy Haul Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tempered Bainite and Martensite Embrittlement in Microalloyed Steel for Forged Railroad Wheel to Heavy Haul Application |
| title_short | Tempered Bainite and Martensite Embrittlement in Microalloyed Steel for Forged Railroad Wheel to Heavy Haul Application |
| title_sort | tempered bainite and martensite embrittlement in microalloyed steel for forged railroad wheel to heavy haul application |
| topic | microalloy steel temper embrittlement bainite railroad wheels |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392021000300214&tlng=en |
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