Differentiation of Cells Isolated from Human Femoral Heads into Functional Osteoclasts
Proper formation of the skeleton during development is crucial for the mobility of humans and the maintenance of essential organs. The production of bone is regulated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. An imbalance of these cells can lead to a decrease in bone mineral density, which leads to fractures....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Developmental Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2221-3759/10/1/6 |
| _version_ | 1797470354630770688 |
|---|---|
| author | Daniel R. Halloran Brian Heubel Connor MacMurray Denise Root Mark Eskander Sean P. McTague Heather Pelkey Anja Nohe |
| author_facet | Daniel R. Halloran Brian Heubel Connor MacMurray Denise Root Mark Eskander Sean P. McTague Heather Pelkey Anja Nohe |
| author_sort | Daniel R. Halloran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Proper formation of the skeleton during development is crucial for the mobility of humans and the maintenance of essential organs. The production of bone is regulated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. An imbalance of these cells can lead to a decrease in bone mineral density, which leads to fractures. While many studies are emerging to understand the role of osteoblasts, less studies are present about the role of osteoclasts. This present study utilized bone marrow cells isolated directly from the bone marrow of femoral heads obtained from osteoarthritic (OA) patients after undergoing hip replacement surgery. Here, we used tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, Cathepsin K, and nuclei to identity osteoclasts and their functionality after stimulation with macrophage-colony stimulation factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL). Our data demonstrated that isolated cells can be differentiated into functional osteoclasts, as indicated by the 92% and 83% of cells that stained positive for TRAP and Cathepsin K, respectively. Furthermore, isolated cells remain viable and terminally differentiate into osteoclasts when stimulated with RANKL. These data demonstrate that cells isolated from human femoral heads can be differentiated into osteoclasts to study bone disorders during development and adulthood. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:36:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-361dcabdee5c456da1870f405cf654df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2221-3759 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:36:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-361dcabdee5c456da1870f405cf654df2023-11-24T01:53:02ZengMDPI AGJournal of Developmental Biology2221-37592022-01-01101610.3390/jdb10010006Differentiation of Cells Isolated from Human Femoral Heads into Functional OsteoclastsDaniel R. Halloran0Brian Heubel1Connor MacMurray2Denise Root3Mark Eskander4Sean P. McTague5Heather Pelkey6Anja Nohe7Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USAOrthopedic Surgery, ChristianaCare Hospital, Wilmington, DE 19801, USADelaware Orthopaedic Specialists, Newark, DE 19713, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USAOrthopedic Surgery, ChristianaCare Hospital, Newark, DE 19716, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USAProper formation of the skeleton during development is crucial for the mobility of humans and the maintenance of essential organs. The production of bone is regulated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. An imbalance of these cells can lead to a decrease in bone mineral density, which leads to fractures. While many studies are emerging to understand the role of osteoblasts, less studies are present about the role of osteoclasts. This present study utilized bone marrow cells isolated directly from the bone marrow of femoral heads obtained from osteoarthritic (OA) patients after undergoing hip replacement surgery. Here, we used tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, Cathepsin K, and nuclei to identity osteoclasts and their functionality after stimulation with macrophage-colony stimulation factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL). Our data demonstrated that isolated cells can be differentiated into functional osteoclasts, as indicated by the 92% and 83% of cells that stained positive for TRAP and Cathepsin K, respectively. Furthermore, isolated cells remain viable and terminally differentiate into osteoclasts when stimulated with RANKL. These data demonstrate that cells isolated from human femoral heads can be differentiated into osteoclasts to study bone disorders during development and adulthood.https://www.mdpi.com/2221-3759/10/1/6boneosteoclastsTRAPCathepsin KRAW 264.7 cellsosteoarthritis |
| spellingShingle | Daniel R. Halloran Brian Heubel Connor MacMurray Denise Root Mark Eskander Sean P. McTague Heather Pelkey Anja Nohe Differentiation of Cells Isolated from Human Femoral Heads into Functional Osteoclasts Journal of Developmental Biology bone osteoclasts TRAP Cathepsin K RAW 264.7 cells osteoarthritis |
| title | Differentiation of Cells Isolated from Human Femoral Heads into Functional Osteoclasts |
| title_full | Differentiation of Cells Isolated from Human Femoral Heads into Functional Osteoclasts |
| title_fullStr | Differentiation of Cells Isolated from Human Femoral Heads into Functional Osteoclasts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differentiation of Cells Isolated from Human Femoral Heads into Functional Osteoclasts |
| title_short | Differentiation of Cells Isolated from Human Femoral Heads into Functional Osteoclasts |
| title_sort | differentiation of cells isolated from human femoral heads into functional osteoclasts |
| topic | bone osteoclasts TRAP Cathepsin K RAW 264.7 cells osteoarthritis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2221-3759/10/1/6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT danielrhalloran differentiationofcellsisolatedfromhumanfemoralheadsintofunctionalosteoclasts AT brianheubel differentiationofcellsisolatedfromhumanfemoralheadsintofunctionalosteoclasts AT connormacmurray differentiationofcellsisolatedfromhumanfemoralheadsintofunctionalosteoclasts AT deniseroot differentiationofcellsisolatedfromhumanfemoralheadsintofunctionalosteoclasts AT markeskander differentiationofcellsisolatedfromhumanfemoralheadsintofunctionalosteoclasts AT seanpmctague differentiationofcellsisolatedfromhumanfemoralheadsintofunctionalosteoclasts AT heatherpelkey differentiationofcellsisolatedfromhumanfemoralheadsintofunctionalosteoclasts AT anjanohe differentiationofcellsisolatedfromhumanfemoralheadsintofunctionalosteoclasts |