Computational Thermal Analysis of the Photothermal Effect of Thermoplasmonic Optical Fiber for Localized Neural Stimulation In Vivo
Optical neuromodulation is a versatile neural stimulation technology that enables highly localized excitatory or inhibitory stimulation of neuronal activities. Photothermal neural stimulation using thermoplasmonic metallic nanoparticles for light to heat conversion has been suggested as an optical n...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/2/118 |
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| author | Woongki Hong Junhee Lee Duhee Kim Yujin Hwang Hyuk-Jun Kwon Jae Eun Jang Hongki Kang |
| author_facet | Woongki Hong Junhee Lee Duhee Kim Yujin Hwang Hyuk-Jun Kwon Jae Eun Jang Hongki Kang |
| author_sort | Woongki Hong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optical neuromodulation is a versatile neural stimulation technology that enables highly localized excitatory or inhibitory stimulation of neuronal activities. Photothermal neural stimulation using thermoplasmonic metallic nanoparticles for light to heat conversion has been suggested as an optical neural stimulation technology without genetic modification. Optical fibers implementing the thermoplasmonic effect were recently developed for localized neural stimulation, and the successful demonstration of localized neural stimulation in vitro was reported. However, before photothermal neural stimulation is further applied in the brains of live animals and ultimately in human trials, a safety analysis must carefully be performed for the thermal effect of stimulation in vivo. With the complexity of the physical structure and different thermal properties of the brain and surrounding body, the resulting thermal effect could vary despite the same power of light delivered to the optical fiber. In addition, dynamic thermal properties of the brain such as the daily blood perfusion rate change or metabolic heat generation must also be carefully considered for the precise implementation of photothermal neural stimulation. In this work, an in-depth computational analysis was conducted of the photothermal effects using a thermoplasmonic optical fiber for in vivo neural stimulation. The effects of the experimental design and stimulation protocols on the thermal effect in the brain were analyzed. We believe that the results provide a good experimental guideline for safely conducting photothermal neural stimulation using the thermoplasmonic optical fiber technology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:38:49Z |
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| id | doaj.art-3621a504ab0746f897f35a866d27c9d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:38:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-3621a504ab0746f897f35a866d27c9d72023-12-03T12:26:43ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922021-01-0110211810.3390/electronics10020118Computational Thermal Analysis of the Photothermal Effect of Thermoplasmonic Optical Fiber for Localized Neural Stimulation In VivoWoongki Hong0Junhee Lee1Duhee Kim2Yujin Hwang3Hyuk-Jun Kwon4Jae Eun Jang5Hongki Kang6Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology DGIST, Daegu 42988, KoreaDepartment of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology DGIST, Daegu 42988, KoreaDepartment of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology DGIST, Daegu 42988, KoreaDepartment of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology DGIST, Daegu 42988, KoreaDepartment of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology DGIST, Daegu 42988, KoreaDepartment of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology DGIST, Daegu 42988, KoreaDepartment of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology DGIST, Daegu 42988, KoreaOptical neuromodulation is a versatile neural stimulation technology that enables highly localized excitatory or inhibitory stimulation of neuronal activities. Photothermal neural stimulation using thermoplasmonic metallic nanoparticles for light to heat conversion has been suggested as an optical neural stimulation technology without genetic modification. Optical fibers implementing the thermoplasmonic effect were recently developed for localized neural stimulation, and the successful demonstration of localized neural stimulation in vitro was reported. However, before photothermal neural stimulation is further applied in the brains of live animals and ultimately in human trials, a safety analysis must carefully be performed for the thermal effect of stimulation in vivo. With the complexity of the physical structure and different thermal properties of the brain and surrounding body, the resulting thermal effect could vary despite the same power of light delivered to the optical fiber. In addition, dynamic thermal properties of the brain such as the daily blood perfusion rate change or metabolic heat generation must also be carefully considered for the precise implementation of photothermal neural stimulation. In this work, an in-depth computational analysis was conducted of the photothermal effects using a thermoplasmonic optical fiber for in vivo neural stimulation. The effects of the experimental design and stimulation protocols on the thermal effect in the brain were analyzed. We believe that the results provide a good experimental guideline for safely conducting photothermal neural stimulation using the thermoplasmonic optical fiber technology.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/2/118optical neuromodulationneural stimulationphotothermal effectthermoplasmonicsfinite-element analysis (FEA) |
| spellingShingle | Woongki Hong Junhee Lee Duhee Kim Yujin Hwang Hyuk-Jun Kwon Jae Eun Jang Hongki Kang Computational Thermal Analysis of the Photothermal Effect of Thermoplasmonic Optical Fiber for Localized Neural Stimulation In Vivo Electronics optical neuromodulation neural stimulation photothermal effect thermoplasmonics finite-element analysis (FEA) |
| title | Computational Thermal Analysis of the Photothermal Effect of Thermoplasmonic Optical Fiber for Localized Neural Stimulation In Vivo |
| title_full | Computational Thermal Analysis of the Photothermal Effect of Thermoplasmonic Optical Fiber for Localized Neural Stimulation In Vivo |
| title_fullStr | Computational Thermal Analysis of the Photothermal Effect of Thermoplasmonic Optical Fiber for Localized Neural Stimulation In Vivo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Computational Thermal Analysis of the Photothermal Effect of Thermoplasmonic Optical Fiber for Localized Neural Stimulation In Vivo |
| title_short | Computational Thermal Analysis of the Photothermal Effect of Thermoplasmonic Optical Fiber for Localized Neural Stimulation In Vivo |
| title_sort | computational thermal analysis of the photothermal effect of thermoplasmonic optical fiber for localized neural stimulation in vivo |
| topic | optical neuromodulation neural stimulation photothermal effect thermoplasmonics finite-element analysis (FEA) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/2/118 |
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