In vivo imaging of the human retina using a two-photon excited fluorescence ophthalmoscope

Summary: Noninvasive imaging of endogenous retinal fluorophores, including vitamin A derivatives, is vital to developing new treatments for retinal diseases. Here, we present a protocol for obtaining in vivo two-photon excited fluorescence images of the fundus in the human eye. We describe steps for...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jakub Bogusławski, Sławomir Tomczewski, Michał Dąbrowski, Katarzyna Komar, Jadwiga Milkiewicz, Grażyna Palczewska, Krzysztof Palczewski, Maciej Wojtkowski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2023-06-01
Series:STAR Protocols
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666166723001831
Description
Summary:Summary: Noninvasive imaging of endogenous retinal fluorophores, including vitamin A derivatives, is vital to developing new treatments for retinal diseases. Here, we present a protocol for obtaining in vivo two-photon excited fluorescence images of the fundus in the human eye. We describe steps for laser characterization, system alignment, positioning human subjects, and data registration. We detail data processing and demonstrate analysis with example datasets. This technique allays safety concerns by allowing for the acquisition of informative images at low laser exposure.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Bogusławski et al. (2022).1 : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.
ISSN:2666-1667