NOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is critical for humoral immune responses during oral vaccination and maintaining the gut microbiome
Abstract Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) is a critical regulator of immune responses within the gastrointestinal tract. This innate immune receptor is expressed by several cell types, including both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells within the gastrointestinal tr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12469-x |
| _version_ | 1811250957080592384 |
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| author | B. E. Fox A. Vilander Z. Abdo G. A. Dean |
| author_facet | B. E. Fox A. Vilander Z. Abdo G. A. Dean |
| author_sort | B. E. Fox |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) is a critical regulator of immune responses within the gastrointestinal tract. This innate immune receptor is expressed by several cell types, including both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells within the gastrointestinal tract. Vaccination targeting the gastrointestinal mucosal immune system is especially difficult due to both physical and mechanistic barriers to reaching inductive sites. The use of lactic acid bacteria is appealing due to their ability to persist within harsh conditions, expression of selected adjuvants, and manufacturing advantages. Recombinant Lactobacillus acidophilus (rLA) has shown great promise in activating the mucosal immune response with minimal impacts on the resident microbiome. To better classify the kinetics of mucosal vaccination with rLA, we utilized mice harboring knockouts of NOD2 expression specifically within CD11c + cells. The results presented here show that NOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is necessary for mounting a humoral immune response against exogenous antigens expressed by rLA. Additionally, disruption of NOD2 signaling in these cells results in an altered bacterial microbiome profile in both control mice and mice receiving L. acidophilus strain NCK1895 and vaccine strain LaOVA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:12:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-36470dc176224acba37f7a461518a44d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:12:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-36470dc176224acba37f7a461518a44d2022-12-22T03:25:51ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-05-0112111410.1038/s41598-022-12469-xNOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is critical for humoral immune responses during oral vaccination and maintaining the gut microbiomeB. E. Fox0A. Vilander1Z. Abdo2G. A. Dean3Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State UniversityDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State UniversityDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State UniversityDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State UniversityAbstract Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) is a critical regulator of immune responses within the gastrointestinal tract. This innate immune receptor is expressed by several cell types, including both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells within the gastrointestinal tract. Vaccination targeting the gastrointestinal mucosal immune system is especially difficult due to both physical and mechanistic barriers to reaching inductive sites. The use of lactic acid bacteria is appealing due to their ability to persist within harsh conditions, expression of selected adjuvants, and manufacturing advantages. Recombinant Lactobacillus acidophilus (rLA) has shown great promise in activating the mucosal immune response with minimal impacts on the resident microbiome. To better classify the kinetics of mucosal vaccination with rLA, we utilized mice harboring knockouts of NOD2 expression specifically within CD11c + cells. The results presented here show that NOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is necessary for mounting a humoral immune response against exogenous antigens expressed by rLA. Additionally, disruption of NOD2 signaling in these cells results in an altered bacterial microbiome profile in both control mice and mice receiving L. acidophilus strain NCK1895 and vaccine strain LaOVA.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12469-x |
| spellingShingle | B. E. Fox A. Vilander Z. Abdo G. A. Dean NOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is critical for humoral immune responses during oral vaccination and maintaining the gut microbiome Scientific Reports |
| title | NOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is critical for humoral immune responses during oral vaccination and maintaining the gut microbiome |
| title_full | NOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is critical for humoral immune responses during oral vaccination and maintaining the gut microbiome |
| title_fullStr | NOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is critical for humoral immune responses during oral vaccination and maintaining the gut microbiome |
| title_full_unstemmed | NOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is critical for humoral immune responses during oral vaccination and maintaining the gut microbiome |
| title_short | NOD2 signaling in CD11c + cells is critical for humoral immune responses during oral vaccination and maintaining the gut microbiome |
| title_sort | nod2 signaling in cd11c cells is critical for humoral immune responses during oral vaccination and maintaining the gut microbiome |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12469-x |
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