Conditions of In Vitro Biofilm Formation by Serogroups of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Isolated from Hass Avocados Sold at Markets in Mexico
<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is an important pathogen that has been implicated in foodborne illnesses and the recall of products such as fruit and vegetables. This study determines the prevalence of virulence-associated genes and serogroups and evaluates the effects of different growth...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/9/2097 |
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| author | María Guadalupe Avila-Novoa Velia Navarrete-Sahagún Jean Pierre González-Gómez Carolina Novoa-Valdovinos Pedro Javier Guerrero-Medina Ramón García-Frutos Liliana Martínez-Chávez Nanci Edid Martínez-Gonzáles Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí |
| author_facet | María Guadalupe Avila-Novoa Velia Navarrete-Sahagún Jean Pierre González-Gómez Carolina Novoa-Valdovinos Pedro Javier Guerrero-Medina Ramón García-Frutos Liliana Martínez-Chávez Nanci Edid Martínez-Gonzáles Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí |
| author_sort | María Guadalupe Avila-Novoa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is an important pathogen that has been implicated in foodborne illnesses and the recall of products such as fruit and vegetables. This study determines the prevalence of virulence-associated genes and serogroups and evaluates the effects of different growth media and environmental conditions on biofilm formation by <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. Eighteen <i>L. monocytogenes</i> isolates from Hass avocados sold at markets in Guadalajara, Mexico, were characterized by virulence-associated genes and serogroup detection with PCR. All isolates harbored 88.8% <i>actA</i>, 88.8% <i>plcA</i>, 83.3% <i>mpl</i>, 77.7% <i>inlB</i>, 77.7% <i>hly</i>, 66.6% <i>prfA</i>, 55.5% <i>plcB</i>, and 33.3% <i>inlA</i>. The results showed that 38.8% of isolates harbored virulence genes belonging to <i>Listeria</i> pathogenicity island 1 (LIPI-1). PCR revealed that the most prevalent serogroup was serogroup III (1/2b, 3b, and 7 (<i>n</i> = 18, 66.65%)), followed by serogroup IV (4b, 4d–4e (<i>n</i> = 5, 27.7%)) and serogroup I (1/2a–3a (<i>n</i> = 1, 5.5%)). The assessment of the ability to develop biofilms using a crystal violet staining method revealed that <i>L. monocytogenes</i> responded to supplement medium TSBA, 1/10 diluted TSBA, and TSB in comparison with 1/10 diluted TSB (<i>p</i> < 0.05) on polystyrene at 240 h (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In particular, the biofilm formation by <i>L. monocytogenes</i> (7.78 ± 0.03–8.82 ± 0.03 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup>) was significantly different in terms of TSBA on polypropylene type B (PP) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, visualization by epifluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and treatment (DNase I and proteinase K) revealed the metabolically active cells and extracellular polymeric substances of biofilms on PP. <i>L. monocytogenes</i> has the ability to develop biofilms that harbor virulence-associated genes, which represent a serious threat to human health and food safety. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:40:26Z |
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| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:40:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-364f549c7caf4bba936f368f21c0280f2023-11-22T13:04:10ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-09-01109209710.3390/foods10092097Conditions of In Vitro Biofilm Formation by Serogroups of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Isolated from Hass Avocados Sold at Markets in MexicoMaría Guadalupe Avila-Novoa0Velia Navarrete-Sahagún1Jean Pierre González-Gómez2Carolina Novoa-Valdovinos3Pedro Javier Guerrero-Medina4Ramón García-Frutos5Liliana Martínez-Chávez6Nanci Edid Martínez-Gonzáles7Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí8Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, MexicoLaboratorio Nacional para la Investigación en Inocuidad Alimentaria (LANIIA), Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Eldorado Km. 5.5, Culiacán 80110, Sinaloa, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, MexicoDepartamentos de Farmacobiología y Matemáticas, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Marcelino García Barragán 1451, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, MexicoDepartamentos de Farmacobiología y Matemáticas, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Marcelino García Barragán 1451, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, MexicoDepartamentos de Farmacobiología y Matemáticas, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Marcelino García Barragán 1451, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, Mexico<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is an important pathogen that has been implicated in foodborne illnesses and the recall of products such as fruit and vegetables. This study determines the prevalence of virulence-associated genes and serogroups and evaluates the effects of different growth media and environmental conditions on biofilm formation by <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. Eighteen <i>L. monocytogenes</i> isolates from Hass avocados sold at markets in Guadalajara, Mexico, were characterized by virulence-associated genes and serogroup detection with PCR. All isolates harbored 88.8% <i>actA</i>, 88.8% <i>plcA</i>, 83.3% <i>mpl</i>, 77.7% <i>inlB</i>, 77.7% <i>hly</i>, 66.6% <i>prfA</i>, 55.5% <i>plcB</i>, and 33.3% <i>inlA</i>. The results showed that 38.8% of isolates harbored virulence genes belonging to <i>Listeria</i> pathogenicity island 1 (LIPI-1). PCR revealed that the most prevalent serogroup was serogroup III (1/2b, 3b, and 7 (<i>n</i> = 18, 66.65%)), followed by serogroup IV (4b, 4d–4e (<i>n</i> = 5, 27.7%)) and serogroup I (1/2a–3a (<i>n</i> = 1, 5.5%)). The assessment of the ability to develop biofilms using a crystal violet staining method revealed that <i>L. monocytogenes</i> responded to supplement medium TSBA, 1/10 diluted TSBA, and TSB in comparison with 1/10 diluted TSB (<i>p</i> < 0.05) on polystyrene at 240 h (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In particular, the biofilm formation by <i>L. monocytogenes</i> (7.78 ± 0.03–8.82 ± 0.03 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup>) was significantly different in terms of TSBA on polypropylene type B (PP) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, visualization by epifluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and treatment (DNase I and proteinase K) revealed the metabolically active cells and extracellular polymeric substances of biofilms on PP. <i>L. monocytogenes</i> has the ability to develop biofilms that harbor virulence-associated genes, which represent a serious threat to human health and food safety.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/9/2097<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>virulenceserogroupsbiofilmsextracellular matrixfood surface contact |
| spellingShingle | María Guadalupe Avila-Novoa Velia Navarrete-Sahagún Jean Pierre González-Gómez Carolina Novoa-Valdovinos Pedro Javier Guerrero-Medina Ramón García-Frutos Liliana Martínez-Chávez Nanci Edid Martínez-Gonzáles Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí Conditions of In Vitro Biofilm Formation by Serogroups of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Isolated from Hass Avocados Sold at Markets in Mexico Foods <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> virulence serogroups biofilms extracellular matrix food surface contact |
| title | Conditions of In Vitro Biofilm Formation by Serogroups of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Isolated from Hass Avocados Sold at Markets in Mexico |
| title_full | Conditions of In Vitro Biofilm Formation by Serogroups of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Isolated from Hass Avocados Sold at Markets in Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Conditions of In Vitro Biofilm Formation by Serogroups of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Isolated from Hass Avocados Sold at Markets in Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Conditions of In Vitro Biofilm Formation by Serogroups of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Isolated from Hass Avocados Sold at Markets in Mexico |
| title_short | Conditions of In Vitro Biofilm Formation by Serogroups of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Isolated from Hass Avocados Sold at Markets in Mexico |
| title_sort | conditions of in vitro biofilm formation by serogroups of i listeria monocytogenes i isolated from hass avocados sold at markets in mexico |
| topic | <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> virulence serogroups biofilms extracellular matrix food surface contact |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/9/2097 |
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