A Distinct Role of Pectate Lyases in the Formation of Feeding Structures Induced by Cyst and Root-Knot Nematodes
Pectin in the primary plant cell wall is thought to be responsible for its porosity, charge density, and microfibril spacing and is the main component of the middle lamella. Plant-parasitic nematodes secrete cell wall–degrading enzymes that macerate the plant tissue, facilitating the penetration and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The American Phytopathological Society
2014-09-01
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| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-01-14-0005-R |
| _version_ | 1811291251107954688 |
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| author | K. Wieczorek A. Elashry M. Quentin F. M. W. Grundler B. Favery G. J. Seifert H. Bohlmann |
| author_facet | K. Wieczorek A. Elashry M. Quentin F. M. W. Grundler B. Favery G. J. Seifert H. Bohlmann |
| author_sort | K. Wieczorek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pectin in the primary plant cell wall is thought to be responsible for its porosity, charge density, and microfibril spacing and is the main component of the middle lamella. Plant-parasitic nematodes secrete cell wall–degrading enzymes that macerate the plant tissue, facilitating the penetration and migration within the roots. In sedentary endoparasitic nematodes, these enzymes are released only during the migration of infective juveniles through the root. Later, nematodes manipulate the expression of host plant genes, including various cell wall enzymes, in order to induce specific feeding sites. In this study, we investigated expression of two Arabidopsis pectate lyase-like genes (PLL), PLL18 (At3g27400) and PLL19 (At4g24780), together with pectic epitopes with different degrees of methylesterification in both syncytia induced by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii and giant cells induced by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. We confirmed upregulation of PLL18 and PLL19 in both types of feeding sites with quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ RT-PCR. Furthermore, the functional analysis of mutants demonstrated the important role of both PLL genes in the development and maintenance of syncytia but not giant cells. Our results show that both enzymes play distinct roles in different infected root tissues as well as during parasitism of different nematodes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:26:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3651727a8f534d1287d54a4b51744a04 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:26:37Z |
| publishDate | 2014-09-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-3651727a8f534d1287d54a4b51744a042022-12-22T03:02:30ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77062014-09-0127990191210.1094/MPMI-01-14-0005-RA Distinct Role of Pectate Lyases in the Formation of Feeding Structures Induced by Cyst and Root-Knot NematodesK. WieczorekA. ElashryM. QuentinF. M. W. GrundlerB. FaveryG. J. SeifertH. BohlmannPectin in the primary plant cell wall is thought to be responsible for its porosity, charge density, and microfibril spacing and is the main component of the middle lamella. Plant-parasitic nematodes secrete cell wall–degrading enzymes that macerate the plant tissue, facilitating the penetration and migration within the roots. In sedentary endoparasitic nematodes, these enzymes are released only during the migration of infective juveniles through the root. Later, nematodes manipulate the expression of host plant genes, including various cell wall enzymes, in order to induce specific feeding sites. In this study, we investigated expression of two Arabidopsis pectate lyase-like genes (PLL), PLL18 (At3g27400) and PLL19 (At4g24780), together with pectic epitopes with different degrees of methylesterification in both syncytia induced by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii and giant cells induced by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. We confirmed upregulation of PLL18 and PLL19 in both types of feeding sites with quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ RT-PCR. Furthermore, the functional analysis of mutants demonstrated the important role of both PLL genes in the development and maintenance of syncytia but not giant cells. Our results show that both enzymes play distinct roles in different infected root tissues as well as during parasitism of different nematodes.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-01-14-0005-R |
| spellingShingle | K. Wieczorek A. Elashry M. Quentin F. M. W. Grundler B. Favery G. J. Seifert H. Bohlmann A Distinct Role of Pectate Lyases in the Formation of Feeding Structures Induced by Cyst and Root-Knot Nematodes Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| title | A Distinct Role of Pectate Lyases in the Formation of Feeding Structures Induced by Cyst and Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_full | A Distinct Role of Pectate Lyases in the Formation of Feeding Structures Induced by Cyst and Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_fullStr | A Distinct Role of Pectate Lyases in the Formation of Feeding Structures Induced by Cyst and Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Distinct Role of Pectate Lyases in the Formation of Feeding Structures Induced by Cyst and Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_short | A Distinct Role of Pectate Lyases in the Formation of Feeding Structures Induced by Cyst and Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_sort | distinct role of pectate lyases in the formation of feeding structures induced by cyst and root knot nematodes |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-01-14-0005-R |
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