Effects of Laser Defocusing on Bead Geometry in Coaxial Titanium Wire-Based Laser Metal Deposition
Coaxial wire-based laser metal deposition is a versatile and efficient additive process that can achieve a high deposition rate in the manufacturing of complex structures. In this paper, a three-beam coaxial wire system is studied, with particular attention to the effects of deposition height and la...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/4/889 |
| _version_ | 1797297588175634432 |
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| author | Remy Mathenia Aaron Flood Braden McLain Todd Sparks Frank Liou |
| author_facet | Remy Mathenia Aaron Flood Braden McLain Todd Sparks Frank Liou |
| author_sort | Remy Mathenia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coaxial wire-based laser metal deposition is a versatile and efficient additive process that can achieve a high deposition rate in the manufacturing of complex structures. In this paper, a three-beam coaxial wire system is studied, with particular attention to the effects of deposition height and laser defocusing on the resulting bead geometry. As the deposition standoff distance changes, so does the workpiece illumination proportion, which describes the ratio of energy going directly into the feedstock wire and into the substrate. Single titanium beads are deposited at varying defocus levels and deposition rates and the bead aspect ratio is measured and analyzed. Over the experimental settings, the defocusing level and deposition rate were found to have a significant effect on the resulting bead aspect ratio. As the defocusing level is increased away from the beam convergence plane, the spot size increases and the deposited track is wider and flatter. Process parameters can be used to tune the deposited material to a desired aspect ratio. In coaxial wire deposition, defocusing provides an adjustment mechanism to the distribution of heat between the wire and substrate and has an important impact on the resulting deposit. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:22:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-36565e0cb3da459fb253f2514b2d1c65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:22:37Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-36565e0cb3da459fb253f2514b2d1c652024-02-23T15:25:41ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442024-02-0117488910.3390/ma17040889Effects of Laser Defocusing on Bead Geometry in Coaxial Titanium Wire-Based Laser Metal DepositionRemy Mathenia0Aaron Flood1Braden McLain2Todd Sparks3Frank Liou4Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USAProduct Innovation and Engineering, St. James, MO 65559, USADepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USAProduct Innovation and Engineering, St. James, MO 65559, USADepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USACoaxial wire-based laser metal deposition is a versatile and efficient additive process that can achieve a high deposition rate in the manufacturing of complex structures. In this paper, a three-beam coaxial wire system is studied, with particular attention to the effects of deposition height and laser defocusing on the resulting bead geometry. As the deposition standoff distance changes, so does the workpiece illumination proportion, which describes the ratio of energy going directly into the feedstock wire and into the substrate. Single titanium beads are deposited at varying defocus levels and deposition rates and the bead aspect ratio is measured and analyzed. Over the experimental settings, the defocusing level and deposition rate were found to have a significant effect on the resulting bead aspect ratio. As the defocusing level is increased away from the beam convergence plane, the spot size increases and the deposited track is wider and flatter. Process parameters can be used to tune the deposited material to a desired aspect ratio. In coaxial wire deposition, defocusing provides an adjustment mechanism to the distribution of heat between the wire and substrate and has an important impact on the resulting deposit.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/4/889three-beam coaxial laserwire depositionbead geometrydefocusing |
| spellingShingle | Remy Mathenia Aaron Flood Braden McLain Todd Sparks Frank Liou Effects of Laser Defocusing on Bead Geometry in Coaxial Titanium Wire-Based Laser Metal Deposition Materials three-beam coaxial laser wire deposition bead geometry defocusing |
| title | Effects of Laser Defocusing on Bead Geometry in Coaxial Titanium Wire-Based Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_full | Effects of Laser Defocusing on Bead Geometry in Coaxial Titanium Wire-Based Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Laser Defocusing on Bead Geometry in Coaxial Titanium Wire-Based Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Laser Defocusing on Bead Geometry in Coaxial Titanium Wire-Based Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_short | Effects of Laser Defocusing on Bead Geometry in Coaxial Titanium Wire-Based Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_sort | effects of laser defocusing on bead geometry in coaxial titanium wire based laser metal deposition |
| topic | three-beam coaxial laser wire deposition bead geometry defocusing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/4/889 |
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