Responses of Water Temperature and Level to Large Earthquakes in Tibet
Well water levels can reflect the stress placed on a confined subsurface aquifer system in a similar manner to a strain meter. Based on observations of the geophysical field in Lhasa combined with digital data recorded at an underground fluid well at the Lhasa geomagnetic station in recent years, we...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/22/11584 |
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| author | Zhuoma Gesang Ye Zhu Yingfeng Ji Weiling Zhu Rui Qu Duoji Ciren Chaodi Xie |
| author_facet | Zhuoma Gesang Ye Zhu Yingfeng Ji Weiling Zhu Rui Qu Duoji Ciren Chaodi Xie |
| author_sort | Zhuoma Gesang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Well water levels can reflect the stress placed on a confined subsurface aquifer system in a similar manner to a strain meter. Based on observations of the geophysical field in Lhasa combined with digital data recorded at an underground fluid well at the Lhasa geomagnetic station in recent years, we comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of co-seismic changes caused by 14 different-magnitude M ≥ 5 earthquakes recorded in the well. The results show that (1) the co-seismic changes in water temperature and water level are different; the water level exhibits oscillation-type changes, while the water temperature variations indicate first heating and subsequent recovery. (2) The co-seismic changes are related to the epicentral distance, magnitude and focal depth of the earthquake. The closer the epicenter is to the well, the earlier the co-seismic responses occur, but the time interval between the co-seismic changes in the water level and temperature differs. (3) The co-seismic ratio of the water temperature is higher than that of the water level; this may be related to faulty water level instrumentation or segmented records. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:29:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3666c7a50faa43d8b654bc0aa8ea5ef1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:29:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-3666c7a50faa43d8b654bc0aa8ea5ef12023-11-24T07:37:39ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-11-0112221158410.3390/app122211584Responses of Water Temperature and Level to Large Earthquakes in TibetZhuoma Gesang0Ye Zhu1Yingfeng Ji2Weiling Zhu3Rui Qu4Duoji Ciren5Chaodi Xie6State Key Laboratory of the Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of the Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of the Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of the Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of the Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaSeismological Bureau of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, ChinaDepartment of Geophysics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, ChinaWell water levels can reflect the stress placed on a confined subsurface aquifer system in a similar manner to a strain meter. Based on observations of the geophysical field in Lhasa combined with digital data recorded at an underground fluid well at the Lhasa geomagnetic station in recent years, we comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of co-seismic changes caused by 14 different-magnitude M ≥ 5 earthquakes recorded in the well. The results show that (1) the co-seismic changes in water temperature and water level are different; the water level exhibits oscillation-type changes, while the water temperature variations indicate first heating and subsequent recovery. (2) The co-seismic changes are related to the epicentral distance, magnitude and focal depth of the earthquake. The closer the epicenter is to the well, the earlier the co-seismic responses occur, but the time interval between the co-seismic changes in the water level and temperature differs. (3) The co-seismic ratio of the water temperature is higher than that of the water level; this may be related to faulty water level instrumentation or segmented records.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/22/11584Lhasawater levelwater temperatureco-seismic response |
| spellingShingle | Zhuoma Gesang Ye Zhu Yingfeng Ji Weiling Zhu Rui Qu Duoji Ciren Chaodi Xie Responses of Water Temperature and Level to Large Earthquakes in Tibet Applied Sciences Lhasa water level water temperature co-seismic response |
| title | Responses of Water Temperature and Level to Large Earthquakes in Tibet |
| title_full | Responses of Water Temperature and Level to Large Earthquakes in Tibet |
| title_fullStr | Responses of Water Temperature and Level to Large Earthquakes in Tibet |
| title_full_unstemmed | Responses of Water Temperature and Level to Large Earthquakes in Tibet |
| title_short | Responses of Water Temperature and Level to Large Earthquakes in Tibet |
| title_sort | responses of water temperature and level to large earthquakes in tibet |
| topic | Lhasa water level water temperature co-seismic response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/22/11584 |
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