Nutritional Relationship between <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> and Its Primary Endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, during Host Plant Acclimation
Plant sap-sucking insects commonly have established mutualistic relationships with endosymbiotic bacteria that can provide nutrients lacking in their diet. <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> harbors one primary endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, and up to seven secondary endosym...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/8/498 |
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| author | Fang-Yu Hu Chi-Wei Tsai |
| author_facet | Fang-Yu Hu Chi-Wei Tsai |
| author_sort | Fang-Yu Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plant sap-sucking insects commonly have established mutualistic relationships with endosymbiotic bacteria that can provide nutrients lacking in their diet. <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> harbors one primary endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, and up to seven secondary endosymbionts, including <i>Hamiltonella defensa</i> and <i>Rickettsia</i> sp. <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i> is already known to play a critical role in providing necessary nutrients for <i>B. tabaci</i>. In the present study, the relationship among <i>B. tabaci</i>, its primary endosymbiont, and the host plant were examined through the effects of host plant shifting and acclimation. <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> was transferred from Chinese kale to four different host plants, and the effects on both its performance and the expression levels of nutrient-related genes of <i>P. aleyrodidarum</i> were analyzed. The results showed that host shifting from Chinese kale to cotton plants led to a decrease in the performance of <i>B. tabaci</i> in the first generation, which was restored after 10 generations of acclimation. Furthermore, the expression levels of essential amino acid biosynthesis genes of <i>P. aleyrodidarum</i> were found to be differentially regulated after <i>B. tabaci</i> had acclimated to the cotton plants. Host plant shifting and acclimation to cucumber, poinsettia, and tomato plants did not affect the fecundity of <i>B. tabaci</i> and the expression levels of most examined genes. We speculate that <i>P. aleyrodidarum</i> may help <i>B. tabaci</i> improve its performance and acclimate to new hosts and that <i>P. aleyrodidarum</i> has a close nutritional relationship with its host during host plant acclimation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:59:11Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:59:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-367d880437794b2484e0aa2dcc603ad12023-11-20T09:00:00ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502020-08-0111849810.3390/insects11080498Nutritional Relationship between <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> and Its Primary Endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, during Host Plant AcclimationFang-Yu Hu0Chi-Wei Tsai1Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, TaiwanDepartment of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, TaiwanPlant sap-sucking insects commonly have established mutualistic relationships with endosymbiotic bacteria that can provide nutrients lacking in their diet. <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> harbors one primary endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, and up to seven secondary endosymbionts, including <i>Hamiltonella defensa</i> and <i>Rickettsia</i> sp. <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i> is already known to play a critical role in providing necessary nutrients for <i>B. tabaci</i>. In the present study, the relationship among <i>B. tabaci</i>, its primary endosymbiont, and the host plant were examined through the effects of host plant shifting and acclimation. <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> was transferred from Chinese kale to four different host plants, and the effects on both its performance and the expression levels of nutrient-related genes of <i>P. aleyrodidarum</i> were analyzed. The results showed that host shifting from Chinese kale to cotton plants led to a decrease in the performance of <i>B. tabaci</i> in the first generation, which was restored after 10 generations of acclimation. Furthermore, the expression levels of essential amino acid biosynthesis genes of <i>P. aleyrodidarum</i> were found to be differentially regulated after <i>B. tabaci</i> had acclimated to the cotton plants. Host plant shifting and acclimation to cucumber, poinsettia, and tomato plants did not affect the fecundity of <i>B. tabaci</i> and the expression levels of most examined genes. We speculate that <i>P. aleyrodidarum</i> may help <i>B. tabaci</i> improve its performance and acclimate to new hosts and that <i>P. aleyrodidarum</i> has a close nutritional relationship with its host during host plant acclimation.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/8/498cottondevelopmental timeessential amino acidsfecunditysurvival rate |
| spellingShingle | Fang-Yu Hu Chi-Wei Tsai Nutritional Relationship between <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> and Its Primary Endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, during Host Plant Acclimation Insects cotton developmental time essential amino acids fecundity survival rate |
| title | Nutritional Relationship between <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> and Its Primary Endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, during Host Plant Acclimation |
| title_full | Nutritional Relationship between <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> and Its Primary Endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, during Host Plant Acclimation |
| title_fullStr | Nutritional Relationship between <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> and Its Primary Endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, during Host Plant Acclimation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutritional Relationship between <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> and Its Primary Endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, during Host Plant Acclimation |
| title_short | Nutritional Relationship between <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> and Its Primary Endosymbiont, <i>Portiera aleyrodidarum</i>, during Host Plant Acclimation |
| title_sort | nutritional relationship between i bemisia tabaci i and its primary endosymbiont i portiera aleyrodidarum i during host plant acclimation |
| topic | cotton developmental time essential amino acids fecundity survival rate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/8/498 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fangyuhu nutritionalrelationshipbetweenibemisiatabaciianditsprimaryendosymbiontiportieraaleyrodidarumiduringhostplantacclimation AT chiweitsai nutritionalrelationshipbetweenibemisiatabaciianditsprimaryendosymbiontiportieraaleyrodidarumiduringhostplantacclimation |