Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor Preparation
Industrial scale production of carbon membrane is very challenging due to expensive precursor materials and a multi-step process with several variables to deal with. The optimization of these variables is essential to gain a competent carbon membrane (CM) with high performance and good mechanical pr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-11-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/8/4/105 |
| _version_ | 1797715023479439360 |
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| author | Shamim Haider Jon Arvid Lie Arne Lindbråthen May-Britt Hägg |
| author_facet | Shamim Haider Jon Arvid Lie Arne Lindbråthen May-Britt Hägg |
| author_sort | Shamim Haider |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Industrial scale production of carbon membrane is very challenging due to expensive precursor materials and a multi-step process with several variables to deal with. The optimization of these variables is essential to gain a competent carbon membrane (CM) with high performance and good mechanical properties. In this paper, a pilot scale system is reported that was developed to produce CM from regenerated cellulose precursor with the annual production capacity 700 m<sup>2</sup> of CM. The process was optimized to achieve maximum yield (>95%) of high quality precursor fibers and carbonized fibers. A dope solution of cellulose acetate (CA)/Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/<i>N</i>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and bore fluid of NMP/H<sub>2</sub>O were used in 460 spinning-sessions of the fibers using a well-known dry/wet spinning process. Optimized deacetylation of spun-CA hollow fibers (CAHF) was achieved by using 90 vol% 0.075 M NaOH aqueous solution diluted with 10 vol% isopropanol for 2.5 h at ambient temperature. Cellulose hollow fibers (CHF) dried at room temperature and under RH (80% → ambient) overnight gave maximum yield for both dried CHF, as well as carbon fibers. The gas permeation properties of carbon fibers were also high (CO<sub>2</sub> permeability: 50⁻450 Barrer (1 Barrer = 2.736 × 10<sup>−9</sup> m<sup>3</sup> (STP) m/m<sup>2</sup> bar h), and CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> selectivity acceptable (50⁻500). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:00:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-36840962e83a48219d1c1c563b441be6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:00:41Z |
| publishDate | 2018-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-36840962e83a48219d1c1c563b441be62023-09-02T19:53:39ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752018-11-018410510.3390/membranes8040105membranes8040105Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor PreparationShamim Haider0Jon Arvid Lie1Arne Lindbråthen2May-Britt Hägg3Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, NorwayIndustrial scale production of carbon membrane is very challenging due to expensive precursor materials and a multi-step process with several variables to deal with. The optimization of these variables is essential to gain a competent carbon membrane (CM) with high performance and good mechanical properties. In this paper, a pilot scale system is reported that was developed to produce CM from regenerated cellulose precursor with the annual production capacity 700 m<sup>2</sup> of CM. The process was optimized to achieve maximum yield (>95%) of high quality precursor fibers and carbonized fibers. A dope solution of cellulose acetate (CA)/Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/<i>N</i>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and bore fluid of NMP/H<sub>2</sub>O were used in 460 spinning-sessions of the fibers using a well-known dry/wet spinning process. Optimized deacetylation of spun-CA hollow fibers (CAHF) was achieved by using 90 vol% 0.075 M NaOH aqueous solution diluted with 10 vol% isopropanol for 2.5 h at ambient temperature. Cellulose hollow fibers (CHF) dried at room temperature and under RH (80% → ambient) overnight gave maximum yield for both dried CHF, as well as carbon fibers. The gas permeation properties of carbon fibers were also high (CO<sub>2</sub> permeability: 50⁻450 Barrer (1 Barrer = 2.736 × 10<sup>−9</sup> m<sup>3</sup> (STP) m/m<sup>2</sup> bar h), and CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> selectivity acceptable (50⁻500).https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/8/4/105pilot scale processcarbon membrane precursordry/wet spinningdeacetylationregenerated cellulosedrying conditions |
| spellingShingle | Shamim Haider Jon Arvid Lie Arne Lindbråthen May-Britt Hägg Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor Preparation Membranes pilot scale process carbon membrane precursor dry/wet spinning deacetylation regenerated cellulose drying conditions |
| title | Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor Preparation |
| title_full | Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor Preparation |
| title_fullStr | Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor Preparation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor Preparation |
| title_short | Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor Preparation |
| title_sort | pilot scale production of carbon hollow fiber membranes from regenerated cellulose precursor part i optimal conditions for precursor preparation |
| topic | pilot scale process carbon membrane precursor dry/wet spinning deacetylation regenerated cellulose drying conditions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/8/4/105 |
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