Prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. and the Whole-Genome Characteristics of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Strains Isolated from Free-Living Birds in Poland
Enterococci as opportunistic bacteria are important for human health. Due to the prevalence and ease of acquisition and transfer of their genes, they are an excellent indicator of environmental contamination and the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalenc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/6/836 |
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| author | Renata Kwit Magdalena Zając Aleksandra Śmiałowska-Węglińska Magdalena Skarżyńska Arkadiusz Bomba Anna Lalak Ewelina Skrzypiec Dominika Wojdat Weronika Koza Emilia Mikos-Wojewoda Paulina Pasim Milena Skóra Marcin Polak Jarosław Wiącek Dariusz Wasyl |
| author_facet | Renata Kwit Magdalena Zając Aleksandra Śmiałowska-Węglińska Magdalena Skarżyńska Arkadiusz Bomba Anna Lalak Ewelina Skrzypiec Dominika Wojdat Weronika Koza Emilia Mikos-Wojewoda Paulina Pasim Milena Skóra Marcin Polak Jarosław Wiącek Dariusz Wasyl |
| author_sort | Renata Kwit |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enterococci as opportunistic bacteria are important for human health. Due to the prevalence and ease of acquisition and transfer of their genes, they are an excellent indicator of environmental contamination and the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. in wild birds in Poland, determination of antimicrobial susceptibility and WGS analysis of <i>Enterococcus</i> (<i>E</i>.) <i>faecium</i> and <i>E. faecalis</i>. For this purpose, 138 samples from various species of free-living birds were tested, with 66.7% positive results. Fourteen species were detected, with <i>E. faecalis</i> being the most common, followed by <i>E. casseliflavus</i> and <i>E. hirae</i>. In antimicrobial susceptibility testing, 10.0% of <i>E. faecalis</i> and 50.0% of <i>E. faecium</i> showed resistance to one antimicrobial agent, in addition the MDR phenotype which was found in one <i>E. faecium</i>. The most common resistance phenotype included tetracycline and quinupristin/dalfopristin. The WGS analysis confirmed the significant advantage of the virulence gene diversity of <i>E. faecalis</i> strains over <i>E. faecium</i>. In addition, plasmid replicons were found in 42.0% of <i>E. faecalis</i> and 80.0% of <i>E. faecium</i>. The obtained results confirm free-living birds can be a reservoir of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. with a considerable zoonotic potential. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:04:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-36ab94cf605a4cd39cad664220305f3f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:04:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-36ab94cf605a4cd39cad664220305f3f2023-11-18T12:00:37ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-06-0112683610.3390/pathogens12060836Prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. and the Whole-Genome Characteristics of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Strains Isolated from Free-Living Birds in PolandRenata Kwit0Magdalena Zając1Aleksandra Śmiałowska-Węglińska2Magdalena Skarżyńska3Arkadiusz Bomba4Anna Lalak5Ewelina Skrzypiec6Dominika Wojdat7Weronika Koza8Emilia Mikos-Wojewoda9Paulina Pasim10Milena Skóra11Marcin Polak12Jarosław Wiącek13Dariusz Wasyl14Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Omic Analyses, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Zoology and Nature Protection, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University (UMCS), 20-033 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Zoology and Nature Protection, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University (UMCS), 20-033 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), 24-100 Pulawy, PolandEnterococci as opportunistic bacteria are important for human health. Due to the prevalence and ease of acquisition and transfer of their genes, they are an excellent indicator of environmental contamination and the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. in wild birds in Poland, determination of antimicrobial susceptibility and WGS analysis of <i>Enterococcus</i> (<i>E</i>.) <i>faecium</i> and <i>E. faecalis</i>. For this purpose, 138 samples from various species of free-living birds were tested, with 66.7% positive results. Fourteen species were detected, with <i>E. faecalis</i> being the most common, followed by <i>E. casseliflavus</i> and <i>E. hirae</i>. In antimicrobial susceptibility testing, 10.0% of <i>E. faecalis</i> and 50.0% of <i>E. faecium</i> showed resistance to one antimicrobial agent, in addition the MDR phenotype which was found in one <i>E. faecium</i>. The most common resistance phenotype included tetracycline and quinupristin/dalfopristin. The WGS analysis confirmed the significant advantage of the virulence gene diversity of <i>E. faecalis</i> strains over <i>E. faecium</i>. In addition, plasmid replicons were found in 42.0% of <i>E. faecalis</i> and 80.0% of <i>E. faecium</i>. The obtained results confirm free-living birds can be a reservoir of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. with a considerable zoonotic potential.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/6/836wild birds<i>Enterococcus faecium</i><i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>antimicrobial resistanceWGS |
| spellingShingle | Renata Kwit Magdalena Zając Aleksandra Śmiałowska-Węglińska Magdalena Skarżyńska Arkadiusz Bomba Anna Lalak Ewelina Skrzypiec Dominika Wojdat Weronika Koza Emilia Mikos-Wojewoda Paulina Pasim Milena Skóra Marcin Polak Jarosław Wiącek Dariusz Wasyl Prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. and the Whole-Genome Characteristics of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Strains Isolated from Free-Living Birds in Poland Pathogens wild birds <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> antimicrobial resistance WGS |
| title | Prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. and the Whole-Genome Characteristics of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Strains Isolated from Free-Living Birds in Poland |
| title_full | Prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. and the Whole-Genome Characteristics of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Strains Isolated from Free-Living Birds in Poland |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. and the Whole-Genome Characteristics of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Strains Isolated from Free-Living Birds in Poland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. and the Whole-Genome Characteristics of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Strains Isolated from Free-Living Birds in Poland |
| title_short | Prevalence of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. and the Whole-Genome Characteristics of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Strains Isolated from Free-Living Birds in Poland |
| title_sort | prevalence of i enterococcus i spp and the whole genome characteristics of i enterococcus faecium i and i enterococcus faecalis i strains isolated from free living birds in poland |
| topic | wild birds <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> antimicrobial resistance WGS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/6/836 |
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