Residue determination and dietary risk assessment of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites in maize in China
IntroductionTo improve maize yield in China, multiple herbicides have been simultaneously applied to control more weeds. However, this combined application raises concerns about potential residues and their subsequent risks to human health. Therefore, evaluating the residues and dietary risk of new...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1263879/full |
| _version_ | 1797671587214786560 |
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| author | Huazhang Chen Huazhang Chen Jiewei Li Yuxi Wang Yannan Zhou Zhengfeng Duan Tingting Duan |
| author_facet | Huazhang Chen Huazhang Chen Jiewei Li Yuxi Wang Yannan Zhou Zhengfeng Duan Tingting Duan |
| author_sort | Huazhang Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionTo improve maize yield in China, multiple herbicides have been simultaneously applied to control more weeds. However, this combined application raises concerns about potential residues and their subsequent risks to human health. Therefore, evaluating the residues and dietary risk of new herbicide formulations is critical for the sustainability of maize production.MethodsUsing UHPLC-MS/MS, we developed quick methods for the determination of residues of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites with acceptable accuracy and precision. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were 0.01 mg/kg for mesotrione and atrazine-desethyl-desopropyl, and 0.005 mg/kg for nicosulfuron, atrazine, 6-deisopropyl atrazine, 2 hydroxyatrazine, and deethylatrazine. Field trials were conducted at 12 different locations in China. And the risk quotient (RQ) model was used to evaluate the chronic risk of residues of these herbicides.ResultsThe residues of straw samples were in the ranges of <0.01 mg/kg for mesotrione, <0.005–0.010 mg/kg for nicosulfuron, and <0.037–0.254 mg/kg for accumulated atrazine. In green straw, the observed ranges were <0.01 mg/kg for mesotrione, <0.005–0.007 mg/kg for nicosulfuron, and <0.037–0.211 mg/kg for accumulated atrazine. Meanwhile, for both green and fully-grown maize, residues were <0.01 mg/kg for mesotrione, <0.005 mg/kg for nicosulfuron, and <0.037 mg/kg for accumulated atrazine. And all RQ values of green and fully-grown maize were below 100%.ConclusionBased on the RQ model, the dietary risk of exposure to three herbicides through maize was acceptable by consumers. This study helps guide the rational use of mesotrione, nicosulfuron and atrazine to ensure the safe production of maize and our human health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:17:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-36b435d43d7a497ca61288a0cc3dc7ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-581X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:17:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-36b435d43d7a497ca61288a0cc3dc7ff2023-09-28T13:32:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems2571-581X2023-09-01710.3389/fsufs.2023.12638791263879Residue determination and dietary risk assessment of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites in maize in ChinaHuazhang Chen0Huazhang Chen1Jiewei Li2Yuxi Wang3Yannan Zhou4Zhengfeng Duan5Tingting Duan6Guizhou Institute of Dry Grain, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, ChinaGuizhou Jinnong Technology Co., Ltd, Guiyang, ChinaUrban Governance and Design Thrust, Society Hub, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, ChinaInnovation, Policy, and Entrepreneurship Thrust, Society Hub, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, ChinaInnovation, Policy, and Entrepreneurship Thrust, Society Hub, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, ChinaGuizhou Jinnong Technology Co., Ltd, Guiyang, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, ChinaIntroductionTo improve maize yield in China, multiple herbicides have been simultaneously applied to control more weeds. However, this combined application raises concerns about potential residues and their subsequent risks to human health. Therefore, evaluating the residues and dietary risk of new herbicide formulations is critical for the sustainability of maize production.MethodsUsing UHPLC-MS/MS, we developed quick methods for the determination of residues of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites with acceptable accuracy and precision. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were 0.01 mg/kg for mesotrione and atrazine-desethyl-desopropyl, and 0.005 mg/kg for nicosulfuron, atrazine, 6-deisopropyl atrazine, 2 hydroxyatrazine, and deethylatrazine. Field trials were conducted at 12 different locations in China. And the risk quotient (RQ) model was used to evaluate the chronic risk of residues of these herbicides.ResultsThe residues of straw samples were in the ranges of <0.01 mg/kg for mesotrione, <0.005–0.010 mg/kg for nicosulfuron, and <0.037–0.254 mg/kg for accumulated atrazine. In green straw, the observed ranges were <0.01 mg/kg for mesotrione, <0.005–0.007 mg/kg for nicosulfuron, and <0.037–0.211 mg/kg for accumulated atrazine. Meanwhile, for both green and fully-grown maize, residues were <0.01 mg/kg for mesotrione, <0.005 mg/kg for nicosulfuron, and <0.037 mg/kg for accumulated atrazine. And all RQ values of green and fully-grown maize were below 100%.ConclusionBased on the RQ model, the dietary risk of exposure to three herbicides through maize was acceptable by consumers. This study helps guide the rational use of mesotrione, nicosulfuron and atrazine to ensure the safe production of maize and our human health.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1263879/fullmaizemesotrionenicosulfuronatrazineresiduedietary risk assessment |
| spellingShingle | Huazhang Chen Huazhang Chen Jiewei Li Yuxi Wang Yannan Zhou Zhengfeng Duan Tingting Duan Residue determination and dietary risk assessment of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites in maize in China Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems maize mesotrione nicosulfuron atrazine residue dietary risk assessment |
| title | Residue determination and dietary risk assessment of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites in maize in China |
| title_full | Residue determination and dietary risk assessment of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites in maize in China |
| title_fullStr | Residue determination and dietary risk assessment of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites in maize in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Residue determination and dietary risk assessment of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites in maize in China |
| title_short | Residue determination and dietary risk assessment of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, atrazine and its four metabolites in maize in China |
| title_sort | residue determination and dietary risk assessment of mesotrione nicosulfuron atrazine and its four metabolites in maize in china |
| topic | maize mesotrione nicosulfuron atrazine residue dietary risk assessment |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1263879/full |
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