Far Wake and Its Relation to Aerodynamic Efficiency
Correlations were found between the aerodynamic efficiency and the mean and fluctuating quantities in the far wake of a wall-to-wall SD7003 model and an AR 4 flat plate. This correlation was described algebraically by modeling the wake signature as a function of wing geometry and initial conditions....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/12/3641 |
| _version_ | 1797529621706571776 |
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| author | Sidaard Gunasekaran Aaron Altman |
| author_facet | Sidaard Gunasekaran Aaron Altman |
| author_sort | Sidaard Gunasekaran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Correlations were found between the aerodynamic efficiency and the mean and fluctuating quantities in the far wake of a wall-to-wall SD7003 model and an AR 4 flat plate. This correlation was described algebraically by modeling the wake signature as a function of wing geometry and initial conditions. The model was benchmarked against experimental results to elicit the wing performance as a function of angle of attack by interrogating the wake. In these algebraic models, the drag coefficient along with other initial conditions of the turbulent generator (either airfoil or wing) were used to reconstruct the Reynolds Stress distribution and the momentum deficit distribution in the turbulent wake. Experiments were undertaken at the United States Air Force Research Labs Horizontal Free Surface Water Tunnel (AFRL/HFWT). These experiments build on previous results obtained at the University of Dayton Low Speed Wind Tunnel (UD-LSWT) on a cylinder, an AR 7 SD7062 wing, and a small remote control twin motor aircraft. The Reynolds stress and the momentum deficit of the turbulent generators were experimentally determined using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) with a minimum of 1000 image pairs averaged at each condition. The variation of an empirical factor (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>γ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>) used to match the Reynolds stress and momentum deficit distributions showed striking correlation to the variation of drag and aerodynamic efficiency of the turbulent generator. This correlation suggests that the wing performance information is preserved in the free shear layer 10 chord lengths downstream of the trailing edge (TE) of the wing irrespective of the dimensionality of the flow. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:16:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-36c1743fb48844f292b20dbb24d73e20 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:16:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-36c1743fb48844f292b20dbb24d73e202023-11-22T00:46:11ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-06-011412364110.3390/en14123641Far Wake and Its Relation to Aerodynamic EfficiencySidaard Gunasekaran0Aaron Altman1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469, USAAir Force Research Labs, Dayton, OH 45433, USACorrelations were found between the aerodynamic efficiency and the mean and fluctuating quantities in the far wake of a wall-to-wall SD7003 model and an AR 4 flat plate. This correlation was described algebraically by modeling the wake signature as a function of wing geometry and initial conditions. The model was benchmarked against experimental results to elicit the wing performance as a function of angle of attack by interrogating the wake. In these algebraic models, the drag coefficient along with other initial conditions of the turbulent generator (either airfoil or wing) were used to reconstruct the Reynolds Stress distribution and the momentum deficit distribution in the turbulent wake. Experiments were undertaken at the United States Air Force Research Labs Horizontal Free Surface Water Tunnel (AFRL/HFWT). These experiments build on previous results obtained at the University of Dayton Low Speed Wind Tunnel (UD-LSWT) on a cylinder, an AR 7 SD7062 wing, and a small remote control twin motor aircraft. The Reynolds stress and the momentum deficit of the turbulent generators were experimentally determined using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) with a minimum of 1000 image pairs averaged at each condition. The variation of an empirical factor (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>γ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>) used to match the Reynolds stress and momentum deficit distributions showed striking correlation to the variation of drag and aerodynamic efficiency of the turbulent generator. This correlation suggests that the wing performance information is preserved in the free shear layer 10 chord lengths downstream of the trailing edge (TE) of the wing irrespective of the dimensionality of the flow.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/12/3641wing performanceself preserved waketurbulencewake stratification |
| spellingShingle | Sidaard Gunasekaran Aaron Altman Far Wake and Its Relation to Aerodynamic Efficiency Energies wing performance self preserved wake turbulence wake stratification |
| title | Far Wake and Its Relation to Aerodynamic Efficiency |
| title_full | Far Wake and Its Relation to Aerodynamic Efficiency |
| title_fullStr | Far Wake and Its Relation to Aerodynamic Efficiency |
| title_full_unstemmed | Far Wake and Its Relation to Aerodynamic Efficiency |
| title_short | Far Wake and Its Relation to Aerodynamic Efficiency |
| title_sort | far wake and its relation to aerodynamic efficiency |
| topic | wing performance self preserved wake turbulence wake stratification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/12/3641 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sidaardgunasekaran farwakeanditsrelationtoaerodynamicefficiency AT aaronaltman farwakeanditsrelationtoaerodynamicefficiency |