Sanyin Formula Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastases through the JAK/STAT3 Pathway in Mice
Sanyin formula (SYF) is used as a complementary treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The purpose of this study was to identify the potential functional components and clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms of SYF in TNBC. High-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectro...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/1/9 |
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| author | Chunyu Wu Chenping Sun Xianghui Han Yiyi Ye Yuenong Qin Sheng Liu |
| author_facet | Chunyu Wu Chenping Sun Xianghui Han Yiyi Ye Yuenong Qin Sheng Liu |
| author_sort | Chunyu Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sanyin formula (SYF) is used as a complementary treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The purpose of this study was to identify the potential functional components and clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms of SYF in TNBC. High-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to identify the main components of SYF extracts. Network pharmacology and bioinformatic analyses were carried out to identify potential candidate targets of SYF in TNBC. Cell proliferation was determined with a Celigo imaging cytometer. Wound-healing and Transwell assays were adopted to evaluate cell migration. A Transwell cell-invasion assay was performed with Matrigel-coated membranes. In vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and pathological analyses illustrated the effect of SYF on cancer cell metastasis in tumour-bearing mice. The inhibitory mechanism of SYF was investigated via quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. We found that 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, kaempferol, p-coumaric acid, and vanillic acid may be the active components of SYF. Molecular docking confirmed that kaempferol, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid bound stably to proteins such as AKR1C3, MMPs, and STAT3. SYF extract suppressed TNBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis by inhibiting JAK/STAT3 signalling and then regulating downstream genes, such as MMP-2/MMP-9. SYF regulates the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating the JAK/STAT3 signalling pathway and finally inhibits tumour cell metastasis in TNBC. The present study clarifies the mechanism by which SYF inhibits TNBC metastasis and lays an experimental foundation for the continued clinical development of SYF targeting the JAK/STAT3 pathway. |
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| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:29:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
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| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-36dbe979555d4854a23738f8260b56922023-11-30T23:54:29ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472022-12-01161910.3390/ph16010009Sanyin Formula Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastases through the JAK/STAT3 Pathway in MiceChunyu Wu0Chenping Sun1Xianghui Han2Yiyi Ye3Yuenong Qin4Sheng Liu5Department of Breast Surgery (Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine), Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery (Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine), Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, ChinaLonghua Hospital, Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, ChinaLonghua Hospital, Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery (Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine), Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, ChinaLonghua Hospital, Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, ChinaSanyin formula (SYF) is used as a complementary treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The purpose of this study was to identify the potential functional components and clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms of SYF in TNBC. High-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to identify the main components of SYF extracts. Network pharmacology and bioinformatic analyses were carried out to identify potential candidate targets of SYF in TNBC. Cell proliferation was determined with a Celigo imaging cytometer. Wound-healing and Transwell assays were adopted to evaluate cell migration. A Transwell cell-invasion assay was performed with Matrigel-coated membranes. In vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and pathological analyses illustrated the effect of SYF on cancer cell metastasis in tumour-bearing mice. The inhibitory mechanism of SYF was investigated via quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. We found that 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, kaempferol, p-coumaric acid, and vanillic acid may be the active components of SYF. Molecular docking confirmed that kaempferol, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid bound stably to proteins such as AKR1C3, MMPs, and STAT3. SYF extract suppressed TNBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis by inhibiting JAK/STAT3 signalling and then regulating downstream genes, such as MMP-2/MMP-9. SYF regulates the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating the JAK/STAT3 signalling pathway and finally inhibits tumour cell metastasis in TNBC. The present study clarifies the mechanism by which SYF inhibits TNBC metastasis and lays an experimental foundation for the continued clinical development of SYF targeting the JAK/STAT3 pathway.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/1/9Sanyin formula (SYF)triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathwaycancer cell metastasisnetwork pharmacology |
| spellingShingle | Chunyu Wu Chenping Sun Xianghui Han Yiyi Ye Yuenong Qin Sheng Liu Sanyin Formula Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastases through the JAK/STAT3 Pathway in Mice Pharmaceuticals Sanyin formula (SYF) triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway cancer cell metastasis network pharmacology |
| title | Sanyin Formula Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastases through the JAK/STAT3 Pathway in Mice |
| title_full | Sanyin Formula Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastases through the JAK/STAT3 Pathway in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Sanyin Formula Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastases through the JAK/STAT3 Pathway in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sanyin Formula Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastases through the JAK/STAT3 Pathway in Mice |
| title_short | Sanyin Formula Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastases through the JAK/STAT3 Pathway in Mice |
| title_sort | sanyin formula enhances the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel in triple negative breast cancer metastases through the jak stat3 pathway in mice |
| topic | Sanyin formula (SYF) triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway cancer cell metastasis network pharmacology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/1/9 |
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