Mechanism of Selective Qβ Bacteriophage Inactivation under the Presence of <i>E. Coli</i> Using Ground Rh-Doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Photocatalyst
Photocatalysts have recently attracted attention for removing infectious-disease-causing bacteria and viruses. Among such photocatalysts, ground Rh-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (“g-STO:Rh”) has been found to have biospecificity that reduces the Qβ phage infectivity under conditions that did n...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| author | Sho Usuki Shingo Machida Ken-ichi Katsumata Makoto Ogawa Sanjay S. Latthe Shanhu Liu Kenji Yamatoya Kazuya Nakata |
| author_facet | Sho Usuki Shingo Machida Ken-ichi Katsumata Makoto Ogawa Sanjay S. Latthe Shanhu Liu Kenji Yamatoya Kazuya Nakata |
| author_sort | Sho Usuki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Photocatalysts have recently attracted attention for removing infectious-disease-causing bacteria and viruses. Among such photocatalysts, ground Rh-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (“g-STO:Rh”) has been found to have biospecificity that reduces the Qβ phage infectivity under conditions that did not decrease the <i>E. coli</i> survival rate. Elucidating the mechanism of selective antiphage activation is important for developing photocatalysts that act effectively against specific microorganisms. In this study, SDS-PAGE and quantitative PCR showed that a g-STO:Rh-treated Qβ phage preferentially inactivated the A2 protein involved in attachment to host cells. The analysis of the photocatalyst-treated ovalbumin using g-STO:Rh indicated that the protein’s isoelectric point significantly influenced the initial interaction with g-STO:Rh. However, once the protein is absorbed, it was decomposed without the release of intermediates. Furthermore, an inactivation assay for four different phages by photocatalyst treatment using g-STO:Rh revealed that phages with positively charged proteins are highly susceptible to inactivation, and the accessibility of critical components to g-STO:Rh influences susceptibility. We conclude that the selective antiphage activation of g-STO:Rh depends on the adsorption efficiency of the protein and g-STO:Rh. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:38:28Z |
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| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:38:28Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-36df973fa2174c83ae17a3c1b17ee4f22024-02-23T15:11:25ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442024-01-011429410.3390/catal14020094Mechanism of Selective Qβ Bacteriophage Inactivation under the Presence of <i>E. Coli</i> Using Ground Rh-Doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> PhotocatalystSho Usuki0Shingo Machida1Ken-ichi Katsumata2Makoto Ogawa3Sanjay S. Latthe4Shanhu Liu5Kenji Yamatoya6Kazuya Nakata7Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-0012, JapanDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, JapanDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, JapanSchool of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 555 Moo 1 Tumbol Payupnai, Amphoe Wangchan, Rayong 21210, ThailandVivekanand College, C.S. No 2130 E Ward, Tarabai Park, Kolhapur 416 003, Maharashtra, IndiaHenan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, ChinaLaboratory of Genomic Function Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ward, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, JapanGraduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-0012, JapanPhotocatalysts have recently attracted attention for removing infectious-disease-causing bacteria and viruses. Among such photocatalysts, ground Rh-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (“g-STO:Rh”) has been found to have biospecificity that reduces the Qβ phage infectivity under conditions that did not decrease the <i>E. coli</i> survival rate. Elucidating the mechanism of selective antiphage activation is important for developing photocatalysts that act effectively against specific microorganisms. In this study, SDS-PAGE and quantitative PCR showed that a g-STO:Rh-treated Qβ phage preferentially inactivated the A2 protein involved in attachment to host cells. The analysis of the photocatalyst-treated ovalbumin using g-STO:Rh indicated that the protein’s isoelectric point significantly influenced the initial interaction with g-STO:Rh. However, once the protein is absorbed, it was decomposed without the release of intermediates. Furthermore, an inactivation assay for four different phages by photocatalyst treatment using g-STO:Rh revealed that phages with positively charged proteins are highly susceptible to inactivation, and the accessibility of critical components to g-STO:Rh influences susceptibility. We conclude that the selective antiphage activation of g-STO:Rh depends on the adsorption efficiency of the protein and g-STO:Rh.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/14/2/94photocatalysisselective inactivationbacteriophageisoelectric pointadsorptionRh-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Sho Usuki Shingo Machida Ken-ichi Katsumata Makoto Ogawa Sanjay S. Latthe Shanhu Liu Kenji Yamatoya Kazuya Nakata Mechanism of Selective Qβ Bacteriophage Inactivation under the Presence of <i>E. Coli</i> Using Ground Rh-Doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Photocatalyst Catalysts photocatalysis selective inactivation bacteriophage isoelectric point adsorption Rh-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> |
| title | Mechanism of Selective Qβ Bacteriophage Inactivation under the Presence of <i>E. Coli</i> Using Ground Rh-Doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Photocatalyst |
| title_full | Mechanism of Selective Qβ Bacteriophage Inactivation under the Presence of <i>E. Coli</i> Using Ground Rh-Doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Photocatalyst |
| title_fullStr | Mechanism of Selective Qβ Bacteriophage Inactivation under the Presence of <i>E. Coli</i> Using Ground Rh-Doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Photocatalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanism of Selective Qβ Bacteriophage Inactivation under the Presence of <i>E. Coli</i> Using Ground Rh-Doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Photocatalyst |
| title_short | Mechanism of Selective Qβ Bacteriophage Inactivation under the Presence of <i>E. Coli</i> Using Ground Rh-Doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Photocatalyst |
| title_sort | mechanism of selective qβ bacteriophage inactivation under the presence of i e coli i using ground rh doped srtio sub 3 sub photocatalyst |
| topic | photocatalysis selective inactivation bacteriophage isoelectric point adsorption Rh-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/14/2/94 |
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