Control and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Community Energy Storage Systems Based on Repurposed Electric Vehicle Batteries
The increasing availability of used Electric Vehicle Batteries (EVBs), as well as the environmental concerns associated with their disposal, have led to increased interest in reusing them in grid-scale stationary energy storage systems. This paper proposes the utilization and control of repurposed E...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2023-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10373410/ |
| _version_ | 1797370478168375296 |
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| author | Talal Alharbi Mauricio Restrepo Mehrdad Kazerani Kankar Bhattacharya |
| author_facet | Talal Alharbi Mauricio Restrepo Mehrdad Kazerani Kankar Bhattacharya |
| author_sort | Talal Alharbi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increasing availability of used Electric Vehicle Batteries (EVBs), as well as the environmental concerns associated with their disposal, have led to increased interest in reusing them in grid-scale stationary energy storage systems. This paper proposes the utilization and control of repurposed EVBs in Community Energy Storage Systems (CESSs) in Low-Voltage (LV) distribution networks. A real-time Community Energy Management System (CEMS) is proposed for the control of the CESS, which uses repurposed EVBs and a power electronic interface comprised of a four-quadrant ac/dc converter and a bidirectional dc/dc converter together with the corresponding controllers. To assess the capability of the controller in providing CESS services in the form of active and reactive power control in an LV residential distribution network, four case studies are carried out using Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulations. The HIL simulations use an actual battery pack and a four-quadrants converter system. The impact of the proposed controller on the repurposed EVBs’ cycling performance is evaluated using a Rainflow Counting Algorithm (RCA). The distribution transformer Loss of Life (LoL) is also estimated. The HIL simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed real-time CEMS in slowing down the degradation of the battery and LoL of the distribution transformer, while improving the LV distribution system’s voltage profile. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:03:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37029eac43004541981c54d6c21d1258 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:03:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-37029eac43004541981c54d6c21d12582024-01-02T00:02:04ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362023-01-011114623814624910.1109/ACCESS.2023.334407810373410Control and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Community Energy Storage Systems Based on Repurposed Electric Vehicle BatteriesTalal Alharbi0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7888-7105Mauricio Restrepo1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2856-4559Mehrdad Kazerani2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-2139Kankar Bhattacharya3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6916-8176Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, ColombiaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, CanadaThe increasing availability of used Electric Vehicle Batteries (EVBs), as well as the environmental concerns associated with their disposal, have led to increased interest in reusing them in grid-scale stationary energy storage systems. This paper proposes the utilization and control of repurposed EVBs in Community Energy Storage Systems (CESSs) in Low-Voltage (LV) distribution networks. A real-time Community Energy Management System (CEMS) is proposed for the control of the CESS, which uses repurposed EVBs and a power electronic interface comprised of a four-quadrant ac/dc converter and a bidirectional dc/dc converter together with the corresponding controllers. To assess the capability of the controller in providing CESS services in the form of active and reactive power control in an LV residential distribution network, four case studies are carried out using Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulations. The HIL simulations use an actual battery pack and a four-quadrants converter system. The impact of the proposed controller on the repurposed EVBs’ cycling performance is evaluated using a Rainflow Counting Algorithm (RCA). The distribution transformer Loss of Life (LoL) is also estimated. The HIL simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed real-time CEMS in slowing down the degradation of the battery and LoL of the distribution transformer, while improving the LV distribution system’s voltage profile.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10373410/Distribution systemrenewable energy resourcesenergy storage systemcommunityrepurposed electric vehicle batterysecond-life batteries |
| spellingShingle | Talal Alharbi Mauricio Restrepo Mehrdad Kazerani Kankar Bhattacharya Control and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Community Energy Storage Systems Based on Repurposed Electric Vehicle Batteries IEEE Access Distribution system renewable energy resources energy storage system community repurposed electric vehicle battery second-life batteries |
| title | Control and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Community Energy Storage Systems Based on Repurposed Electric Vehicle Batteries |
| title_full | Control and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Community Energy Storage Systems Based on Repurposed Electric Vehicle Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Control and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Community Energy Storage Systems Based on Repurposed Electric Vehicle Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Control and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Community Energy Storage Systems Based on Repurposed Electric Vehicle Batteries |
| title_short | Control and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Community Energy Storage Systems Based on Repurposed Electric Vehicle Batteries |
| title_sort | control and hardware in the loop simulation of community energy storage systems based on repurposed electric vehicle batteries |
| topic | Distribution system renewable energy resources energy storage system community repurposed electric vehicle battery second-life batteries |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10373410/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT talalalharbi controlandhardwareintheloopsimulationofcommunityenergystoragesystemsbasedonrepurposedelectricvehiclebatteries AT mauriciorestrepo controlandhardwareintheloopsimulationofcommunityenergystoragesystemsbasedonrepurposedelectricvehiclebatteries AT mehrdadkazerani controlandhardwareintheloopsimulationofcommunityenergystoragesystemsbasedonrepurposedelectricvehiclebatteries AT kankarbhattacharya controlandhardwareintheloopsimulationofcommunityenergystoragesystemsbasedonrepurposedelectricvehiclebatteries |