Molecular characterization, adaptive evolution, and expression analysis of the Toll-like receptor gene family in Fenneropenaeus chinensis
Global warming is a challenge to animal health because of the increased environmental temperature, with subsequent induction of immune suppression and increased susceptibility to disease during summer. The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family is an essential pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that initia...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1175220/full |
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| author | Lulu Chen Lulu Chen Dan Tang Dan Tang Dan Tang Yuyan Hua Yuyan Hua Xinyu Wang Xinyu Wang Yanxuan Li Yanxuan Li Zhengfei Wang Zhengfei Wang |
| author_facet | Lulu Chen Lulu Chen Dan Tang Dan Tang Dan Tang Yuyan Hua Yuyan Hua Xinyu Wang Xinyu Wang Yanxuan Li Yanxuan Li Zhengfei Wang Zhengfei Wang |
| author_sort | Lulu Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Global warming is a challenge to animal health because of the increased environmental temperature, with subsequent induction of immune suppression and increased susceptibility to disease during summer. The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family is an essential pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that initiates the innate immune response by sensing conserved molecular patterns of pathogens. However, research on the TLR gene family in decapod crustaceans has been conducted sporadically, without systematic naming, and the relationship between pathogen immunity adaptation and adaptive evolution of immune-related genes is unclear. In this study, various TLR gene sequences in decapod crustaceans were collected, and the unified name of Fenneropenaeus chinensis was confirmed using sequence alignment. Structural characteristics and evolutionary analyses of TLR genes in decapod crustaceans were performed, and ten FcTLR genes were identified in F. chinensis. Protein domain analysis revealed that FcTLR proteins contain 4–25 LRR domains used to recognize different pathogens. Selection pressure analysis revealed that TLR1 and TLR9 were subjected to positive selection pressure in decapod crustaceans, which may be related to their resistance to environmental changes. Furthermore, the expression of ten TLR genes was detected in F. chinensis following white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. The results demonstrated that FcTLR1, FcTLR7, and FcTLR9 responded positively, which was also consistent with the results of the protein domain and selection pressure analyses. This study provides new insights into the immune response and adaptive evolution of TLRs in decapod crustaceans to prevent environmental damage, such as pathogens and high temperature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:23:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37173408a44c42d997c91c614989bdcb |
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| issn | 2296-701X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:23:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-37173408a44c42d997c91c614989bdcb2023-06-30T05:23:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2023-06-011110.3389/fevo.2023.11752201175220Molecular characterization, adaptive evolution, and expression analysis of the Toll-like receptor gene family in Fenneropenaeus chinensisLulu Chen0Lulu Chen1Dan Tang2Dan Tang3Dan Tang4Yuyan Hua5Yuyan Hua6Xinyu Wang7Xinyu Wang8Yanxuan Li9Yanxuan Li10Zhengfei Wang11Zhengfei Wang12Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaSenior High School Teaching Department, Shazhou Middle School, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, ChinaGlobal warming is a challenge to animal health because of the increased environmental temperature, with subsequent induction of immune suppression and increased susceptibility to disease during summer. The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family is an essential pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that initiates the innate immune response by sensing conserved molecular patterns of pathogens. However, research on the TLR gene family in decapod crustaceans has been conducted sporadically, without systematic naming, and the relationship between pathogen immunity adaptation and adaptive evolution of immune-related genes is unclear. In this study, various TLR gene sequences in decapod crustaceans were collected, and the unified name of Fenneropenaeus chinensis was confirmed using sequence alignment. Structural characteristics and evolutionary analyses of TLR genes in decapod crustaceans were performed, and ten FcTLR genes were identified in F. chinensis. Protein domain analysis revealed that FcTLR proteins contain 4–25 LRR domains used to recognize different pathogens. Selection pressure analysis revealed that TLR1 and TLR9 were subjected to positive selection pressure in decapod crustaceans, which may be related to their resistance to environmental changes. Furthermore, the expression of ten TLR genes was detected in F. chinensis following white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. The results demonstrated that FcTLR1, FcTLR7, and FcTLR9 responded positively, which was also consistent with the results of the protein domain and selection pressure analyses. This study provides new insights into the immune response and adaptive evolution of TLRs in decapod crustaceans to prevent environmental damage, such as pathogens and high temperature.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1175220/fullFenneropenaeus chinensisinnate immunityTLRWSSV infectionadaptive evolutionexpression analysis |
| spellingShingle | Lulu Chen Lulu Chen Dan Tang Dan Tang Dan Tang Yuyan Hua Yuyan Hua Xinyu Wang Xinyu Wang Yanxuan Li Yanxuan Li Zhengfei Wang Zhengfei Wang Molecular characterization, adaptive evolution, and expression analysis of the Toll-like receptor gene family in Fenneropenaeus chinensis Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Fenneropenaeus chinensis innate immunity TLR WSSV infection adaptive evolution expression analysis |
| title | Molecular characterization, adaptive evolution, and expression analysis of the Toll-like receptor gene family in Fenneropenaeus chinensis |
| title_full | Molecular characterization, adaptive evolution, and expression analysis of the Toll-like receptor gene family in Fenneropenaeus chinensis |
| title_fullStr | Molecular characterization, adaptive evolution, and expression analysis of the Toll-like receptor gene family in Fenneropenaeus chinensis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular characterization, adaptive evolution, and expression analysis of the Toll-like receptor gene family in Fenneropenaeus chinensis |
| title_short | Molecular characterization, adaptive evolution, and expression analysis of the Toll-like receptor gene family in Fenneropenaeus chinensis |
| title_sort | molecular characterization adaptive evolution and expression analysis of the toll like receptor gene family in fenneropenaeus chinensis |
| topic | Fenneropenaeus chinensis innate immunity TLR WSSV infection adaptive evolution expression analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1175220/full |
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