Characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients during the first two pandemic waves, Gauteng
Background: Gauteng province (GP) was one of the most affected provinces in the country during the first two pandemic waves in South Africa. We aimed to describe the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients admitted in one of the largest quaternary hospitals in GP during the f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AOSIS
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://sajid.co.za/index.php/sajid/article/view/434 |
| _version_ | 1817969410809266176 |
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| author | Mpho L. Sikhosana Waasila Jassat Zinhle Makatini |
| author_facet | Mpho L. Sikhosana Waasila Jassat Zinhle Makatini |
| author_sort | Mpho L. Sikhosana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Gauteng province (GP) was one of the most affected provinces in the country during the first two pandemic waves in South Africa. We aimed to describe the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients admitted in one of the largest quaternary hospitals in GP during the first two waves.
Objectives: Study objectives were to determine factors associated with hospital admission during the second wave and to describe factors associated with in-hospital COVID-19 mortality.
Method: Data from a national hospital-based surveillance system of COVID-19 hospitalisations were used. Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to compare patients hospitalised during wave 1 and wave 2, and to determine factors associated with in-hospital mortality.
Results: The case fatality ratio was the highest (39.95%) during wave 2. Factors associated with hospitalisation included age groups 40–59 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–4.27), 60–79 years (aOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.23–5.02) and ≥ 80 years (aOR: 3.39, 95% CI: 1.35–8.49). Factors associated with in–hospital mortality included age groups 60–79 years (aOR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.11–5.84) and ≥ 80 years (aOR: 5.66, 95% CI: 2.12–15.08); male sex (aOR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.22–1.99); presence of an underlying comorbidity (aOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.37–2.26), as well as being admitted during post–wave 2 (aOR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.33–4.42).
Conclusion: Compared to the recent omicron-driven pandemic waves characterised by lower admission rates and less disease severity among younger patients, COVID-19 in-hospital mortality during the earlier waves was associated with older age, being male and having an underlying comorbidity.
Contribution: This study showed how an active surveillance system can contribute towards identifying changes in disease trends. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:20:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-371a66d5f17244468fd3b435759e9c5d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2312-0053 2313-1810 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:20:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-371a66d5f17244468fd3b435759e9c5d2022-12-22T02:31:33ZengAOSISSouthern African Journal of Infectious Diseases2312-00532313-18102022-09-01371e1e710.4102/sajid.v37i1.434244Characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients during the first two pandemic waves, GautengMpho L. Sikhosana0Waasila Jassat1Zinhle Makatini2Department of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgDepartment of Public Health and Outbreak Response, National Institute of Communicable Diseases, JohannesburgDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgBackground: Gauteng province (GP) was one of the most affected provinces in the country during the first two pandemic waves in South Africa. We aimed to describe the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients admitted in one of the largest quaternary hospitals in GP during the first two waves. Objectives: Study objectives were to determine factors associated with hospital admission during the second wave and to describe factors associated with in-hospital COVID-19 mortality. Method: Data from a national hospital-based surveillance system of COVID-19 hospitalisations were used. Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to compare patients hospitalised during wave 1 and wave 2, and to determine factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Results: The case fatality ratio was the highest (39.95%) during wave 2. Factors associated with hospitalisation included age groups 40–59 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–4.27), 60–79 years (aOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.23–5.02) and ≥ 80 years (aOR: 3.39, 95% CI: 1.35–8.49). Factors associated with in–hospital mortality included age groups 60–79 years (aOR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.11–5.84) and ≥ 80 years (aOR: 5.66, 95% CI: 2.12–15.08); male sex (aOR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.22–1.99); presence of an underlying comorbidity (aOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.37–2.26), as well as being admitted during post–wave 2 (aOR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.33–4.42). Conclusion: Compared to the recent omicron-driven pandemic waves characterised by lower admission rates and less disease severity among younger patients, COVID-19 in-hospital mortality during the earlier waves was associated with older age, being male and having an underlying comorbidity. Contribution: This study showed how an active surveillance system can contribute towards identifying changes in disease trends.https://sajid.co.za/index.php/sajid/article/view/434covid-19hospitalisationin-hospital mortalitycomorbidities |
| spellingShingle | Mpho L. Sikhosana Waasila Jassat Zinhle Makatini Characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients during the first two pandemic waves, Gauteng Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases covid-19 hospitalisation in-hospital mortality comorbidities |
| title | Characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients during the first two pandemic waves, Gauteng |
| title_full | Characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients during the first two pandemic waves, Gauteng |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients during the first two pandemic waves, Gauteng |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients during the first two pandemic waves, Gauteng |
| title_short | Characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients during the first two pandemic waves, Gauteng |
| title_sort | characteristics of hospitalised covid 19 patients during the first two pandemic waves gauteng |
| topic | covid-19 hospitalisation in-hospital mortality comorbidities |
| url | https://sajid.co.za/index.php/sajid/article/view/434 |
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