Photothermal Self-Excitation of a Phase-Controlled Microcantilever for Viscosity or Viscoelasticity Sensing
This work presents a feedback closed-loop platform to be used for viscosity or viscoelasticity sensing of Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluids. The system consists of a photothermally excited microcantilever working in a digital Phase-Locked Loop, in which the phase between the excitation signal to the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/21/8421 |
| _version_ | 1797466442451386368 |
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| author | João Mouro Paolo Paoletti Marco Sartore Massimo Vassalli Bruno Tiribilli |
| author_facet | João Mouro Paolo Paoletti Marco Sartore Massimo Vassalli Bruno Tiribilli |
| author_sort | João Mouro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work presents a feedback closed-loop platform to be used for viscosity or viscoelasticity sensing of Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluids. The system consists of a photothermally excited microcantilever working in a digital Phase-Locked Loop, in which the phase between the excitation signal to the cantilever and the reference demodulating signals is chosen and imposed in the loop. General analytical models to describe the frequency and amplitude of oscillation of the cantilever immersed in viscous and viscoelastic fluids are derived and validated against experiments. In particular, the sensitivity of the sensor to variations of viscosity of Newtonian fluids, or to variations of elastic/viscous modulus of non-Newtonian fluids, are studied. Interestingly, it is demonstrated the possibility of controlling the sensitivity of the system to variations of these parameters by choosing the appropriate imposed phase in the loop. A working point with maximum sensitivity can be used for real-time detection of small changes of rheological parameters with low-noise and fast-transient response. Conversely, a working point with zero sensitivity to variations of rheological parameters can be potentially used to decouple the effect of simultaneous external factors acting on the resonator. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:39:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3724672709ad44a788177bc99af56c79 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:39:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-3724672709ad44a788177bc99af56c792023-11-24T06:47:51ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-11-012221842110.3390/s22218421Photothermal Self-Excitation of a Phase-Controlled Microcantilever for Viscosity or Viscoelasticity SensingJoão Mouro0Paolo Paoletti1Marco Sartore2Massimo Vassalli3Bruno Tiribilli4Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council (ISC-CNR), 50019 Florence, ItalySchool of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UKElbatech Srl, 57030 Marciana, ItalySchool of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UKInstitute for Complex Systems, National Research Council (ISC-CNR), 50019 Florence, ItalyThis work presents a feedback closed-loop platform to be used for viscosity or viscoelasticity sensing of Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluids. The system consists of a photothermally excited microcantilever working in a digital Phase-Locked Loop, in which the phase between the excitation signal to the cantilever and the reference demodulating signals is chosen and imposed in the loop. General analytical models to describe the frequency and amplitude of oscillation of the cantilever immersed in viscous and viscoelastic fluids are derived and validated against experiments. In particular, the sensitivity of the sensor to variations of viscosity of Newtonian fluids, or to variations of elastic/viscous modulus of non-Newtonian fluids, are studied. Interestingly, it is demonstrated the possibility of controlling the sensitivity of the system to variations of these parameters by choosing the appropriate imposed phase in the loop. A working point with maximum sensitivity can be used for real-time detection of small changes of rheological parameters with low-noise and fast-transient response. Conversely, a working point with zero sensitivity to variations of rheological parameters can be potentially used to decouple the effect of simultaneous external factors acting on the resonator.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/21/8421Phase-Locked Loopmicrocantileversensingviscosityviscoelasticityelastic modulus |
| spellingShingle | João Mouro Paolo Paoletti Marco Sartore Massimo Vassalli Bruno Tiribilli Photothermal Self-Excitation of a Phase-Controlled Microcantilever for Viscosity or Viscoelasticity Sensing Sensors Phase-Locked Loop microcantilever sensing viscosity viscoelasticity elastic modulus |
| title | Photothermal Self-Excitation of a Phase-Controlled Microcantilever for Viscosity or Viscoelasticity Sensing |
| title_full | Photothermal Self-Excitation of a Phase-Controlled Microcantilever for Viscosity or Viscoelasticity Sensing |
| title_fullStr | Photothermal Self-Excitation of a Phase-Controlled Microcantilever for Viscosity or Viscoelasticity Sensing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photothermal Self-Excitation of a Phase-Controlled Microcantilever for Viscosity or Viscoelasticity Sensing |
| title_short | Photothermal Self-Excitation of a Phase-Controlled Microcantilever for Viscosity or Viscoelasticity Sensing |
| title_sort | photothermal self excitation of a phase controlled microcantilever for viscosity or viscoelasticity sensing |
| topic | Phase-Locked Loop microcantilever sensing viscosity viscoelasticity elastic modulus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/21/8421 |
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