Cellular Mechanisms of Coronary Artery Spasm
Coronary artery spasm (CAS) is a reversible phenomenon caused by spontaneous excessive vascular smooth muscle contractility and vascular wall hypertonicity, which results in partial or complete closure of the lumen of normal or atherosclerotic coronary arteries. The clinical picture of CAS includes...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/10/2349 |
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| author | Beata Franczyk Jill Dybiec Weronika Frąk Julia Krzemińska Joanna Kućmierz Ewelina Młynarska Magdalena Szlagor Magdalena Wronka Jacek Rysz |
| author_facet | Beata Franczyk Jill Dybiec Weronika Frąk Julia Krzemińska Joanna Kućmierz Ewelina Młynarska Magdalena Szlagor Magdalena Wronka Jacek Rysz |
| author_sort | Beata Franczyk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coronary artery spasm (CAS) is a reversible phenomenon caused by spontaneous excessive vascular smooth muscle contractility and vascular wall hypertonicity, which results in partial or complete closure of the lumen of normal or atherosclerotic coronary arteries. The clinical picture of CAS includes chest discomfort which is similar in quality to that of stable effort angina. Mechanisms underlying the development of CAS are still unclear. CAS certainly is a multifactorial disease. In this review, we paid attention to the role of the main pathophysiologic mechanisms in CAS: endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, smooth muscle hypercontractility, atherosclerosis and thrombosis, and mutations leading to deficient aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) activity. These findings might shed novel insight on the underlying mechanisms and identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:39:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37254ac2cb174940a3ff366a93f46376 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:39:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-37254ac2cb174940a3ff366a93f463762023-11-23T23:01:37ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-09-011010234910.3390/biomedicines10102349Cellular Mechanisms of Coronary Artery SpasmBeata Franczyk0Jill Dybiec1Weronika Frąk2Julia Krzemińska3Joanna Kućmierz4Ewelina Młynarska5Magdalena Szlagor6Magdalena Wronka7Jacek Rysz8Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandCoronary artery spasm (CAS) is a reversible phenomenon caused by spontaneous excessive vascular smooth muscle contractility and vascular wall hypertonicity, which results in partial or complete closure of the lumen of normal or atherosclerotic coronary arteries. The clinical picture of CAS includes chest discomfort which is similar in quality to that of stable effort angina. Mechanisms underlying the development of CAS are still unclear. CAS certainly is a multifactorial disease. In this review, we paid attention to the role of the main pathophysiologic mechanisms in CAS: endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, smooth muscle hypercontractility, atherosclerosis and thrombosis, and mutations leading to deficient aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) activity. These findings might shed novel insight on the underlying mechanisms and identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/10/2349coronary artery spasmcellular mechanismendothelial dysfunctionoxidative stresssmooth muscle hypercontractilityinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Beata Franczyk Jill Dybiec Weronika Frąk Julia Krzemińska Joanna Kućmierz Ewelina Młynarska Magdalena Szlagor Magdalena Wronka Jacek Rysz Cellular Mechanisms of Coronary Artery Spasm Biomedicines coronary artery spasm cellular mechanism endothelial dysfunction oxidative stress smooth muscle hypercontractility inflammation |
| title | Cellular Mechanisms of Coronary Artery Spasm |
| title_full | Cellular Mechanisms of Coronary Artery Spasm |
| title_fullStr | Cellular Mechanisms of Coronary Artery Spasm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cellular Mechanisms of Coronary Artery Spasm |
| title_short | Cellular Mechanisms of Coronary Artery Spasm |
| title_sort | cellular mechanisms of coronary artery spasm |
| topic | coronary artery spasm cellular mechanism endothelial dysfunction oxidative stress smooth muscle hypercontractility inflammation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/10/2349 |
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