Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, China
Diesel-powered agricultural machinery (AM) is a significant contributor to air pollutant emissions, including nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) and particulate matter (PM). However, the fuel consumption and pollutant emissions from AM remain poorly quantified in many countries due to a la...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/440 |
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| author | Yi Ai Yunshan Ge Zheng Ran Xueyao Li Zhibing Xu Yangfan Chen Xifeng Miao Xiaohong Xu Hongjun Mao Zongbo Shi Taosheng Jin |
| author_facet | Yi Ai Yunshan Ge Zheng Ran Xueyao Li Zhibing Xu Yangfan Chen Xifeng Miao Xiaohong Xu Hongjun Mao Zongbo Shi Taosheng Jin |
| author_sort | Yi Ai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diesel-powered agricultural machinery (AM) is a significant contributor to air pollutant emissions, including nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) and particulate matter (PM). However, the fuel consumption and pollutant emissions from AM remain poorly quantified in many countries due to a lack of accurate activity data and emissions factors. In this study, the fuel consumption and air pollutant emission from AM were estimated using a survey and emission factors from the literature. A case study was conducted using data collected in Anhui, one of the agricultural provinces of China. The annual active hours of AM in Anhui ranged 130 to 175 h. The estimated diesel fuel consumption by AM was 1.45 Tg in 2013, approximately 25% of the total diesel consumption in the province. The air pollutants emitted by AM were 57 Gg of carbon monoxide, 14 Gg of hydrocarbon, 74 Gg of NO<sub>x</sub> and 5.7 Gg of PM in 2013. The NO<sub>x</sub> and PM emissions from AM were equivalent to 17% and 22% of total on-road traffic emissions in Anhui. Among nine types of AM considered, rural vehicles are the largest contributors to fuel consumption (31%) and air emissions (33–45%). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:48:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3730b77919a64dfb8270f7e66e7c75f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:48:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-3730b77919a64dfb8270f7e66e7c75f32023-11-21T13:18:16ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332021-03-0112444010.3390/atmos12040440Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, ChinaYi Ai0Yunshan Ge1Zheng Ran2Xueyao Li3Zhibing Xu4Yangfan Chen5Xifeng Miao6Xiaohong Xu7Hongjun Mao8Zongbo Shi9Taosheng Jin10School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaSchool of Resources& Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, ChinaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, CanadaTianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, CanadaTianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaBirmingham-Nankai Joint Research Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaDiesel-powered agricultural machinery (AM) is a significant contributor to air pollutant emissions, including nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) and particulate matter (PM). However, the fuel consumption and pollutant emissions from AM remain poorly quantified in many countries due to a lack of accurate activity data and emissions factors. In this study, the fuel consumption and air pollutant emission from AM were estimated using a survey and emission factors from the literature. A case study was conducted using data collected in Anhui, one of the agricultural provinces of China. The annual active hours of AM in Anhui ranged 130 to 175 h. The estimated diesel fuel consumption by AM was 1.45 Tg in 2013, approximately 25% of the total diesel consumption in the province. The air pollutants emitted by AM were 57 Gg of carbon monoxide, 14 Gg of hydrocarbon, 74 Gg of NO<sub>x</sub> and 5.7 Gg of PM in 2013. The NO<sub>x</sub> and PM emissions from AM were equivalent to 17% and 22% of total on-road traffic emissions in Anhui. Among nine types of AM considered, rural vehicles are the largest contributors to fuel consumption (31%) and air emissions (33–45%).https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/440agricultural machineryfuel consumptiongas pollutantnon-roadactive time |
| spellingShingle | Yi Ai Yunshan Ge Zheng Ran Xueyao Li Zhibing Xu Yangfan Chen Xifeng Miao Xiaohong Xu Hongjun Mao Zongbo Shi Taosheng Jin Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, China Atmosphere agricultural machinery fuel consumption gas pollutant non-road active time |
| title | Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, China |
| title_full | Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, China |
| title_fullStr | Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, China |
| title_short | Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, China |
| title_sort | quantifying air pollutant emission from agricultural machinery using surveys a case study in anhui china |
| topic | agricultural machinery fuel consumption gas pollutant non-road active time |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/4/440 |
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