Quantitative in Situ X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Early Hydration of Belite-Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement at Various Defined Temperatures
The influence of temperature on the early hydration of belite-calcium sulfoaluminate cements with two different calcium sulfate to calcium sulfoaluminate molar ratios was investigated. The phase composition and phase assemblage development of cements prepared using molar ratios of 1 and 2.5 were stu...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/3/297 |
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| author | Maruša Borštnar Christian L. Lengauer Sabina Dolenec |
| author_facet | Maruša Borštnar Christian L. Lengauer Sabina Dolenec |
| author_sort | Maruša Borštnar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The influence of temperature on the early hydration of belite-calcium sulfoaluminate cements with two different calcium sulfate to calcium sulfoaluminate molar ratios was investigated. The phase composition and phase assemblage development of cements prepared using molar ratios of 1 and 2.5 were studied at 25, 40 and 60 °C by in situ X-ray powder diffraction. The Rietveld refinement method was used for quantification. The degree of hydration after 24 h was highest at ambient temperatures, but early hydration was significantly accelerated at elevated temperatures. These differences were more noticeable when we increased the temperature from 25 °C to 40 °C, than it was increased from 40 °C to 60 °C. The amount of calcium sulfate added controls the amount of the precipitated ettringite, namely, the amount of ettringite increased in the cement with a higher molar ratio. The results showed that temperature also affects full width at half maximum of ettringite peaks, which indicates a decrease in crystallite size of ettringite at elevated temperatures due to faster precipitation of ettringite. When using a calcium sulfate to calcium sulfoaluminate molar ratio of 1, higher d-values of ettringite peaks were observed at elevated temperatures, suggesting that more ions were released from the cement clinker at elevated temperatures, allowing a higher ion uptake in the ettringite structure. At a molar ratio of 2.5, less clinker is available in the cement, therefore these differences were not observed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:19:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3739c8f6461546cf9b2cffe4bd0d0592 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:19:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-3739c8f6461546cf9b2cffe4bd0d05922023-11-21T10:09:04ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2021-03-0111329710.3390/min11030297Quantitative in Situ X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Early Hydration of Belite-Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement at Various Defined TemperaturesMaruša Borštnar0Christian L. Lengauer1Sabina Dolenec2Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimičeva ulica 12, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Mineralogy and Crystallography, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, AustriaSlovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimičeva ulica 12, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaThe influence of temperature on the early hydration of belite-calcium sulfoaluminate cements with two different calcium sulfate to calcium sulfoaluminate molar ratios was investigated. The phase composition and phase assemblage development of cements prepared using molar ratios of 1 and 2.5 were studied at 25, 40 and 60 °C by in situ X-ray powder diffraction. The Rietveld refinement method was used for quantification. The degree of hydration after 24 h was highest at ambient temperatures, but early hydration was significantly accelerated at elevated temperatures. These differences were more noticeable when we increased the temperature from 25 °C to 40 °C, than it was increased from 40 °C to 60 °C. The amount of calcium sulfate added controls the amount of the precipitated ettringite, namely, the amount of ettringite increased in the cement with a higher molar ratio. The results showed that temperature also affects full width at half maximum of ettringite peaks, which indicates a decrease in crystallite size of ettringite at elevated temperatures due to faster precipitation of ettringite. When using a calcium sulfate to calcium sulfoaluminate molar ratio of 1, higher d-values of ettringite peaks were observed at elevated temperatures, suggesting that more ions were released from the cement clinker at elevated temperatures, allowing a higher ion uptake in the ettringite structure. At a molar ratio of 2.5, less clinker is available in the cement, therefore these differences were not observed.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/3/297in situ X-ray diffractionhydrationtemperaturecementRietveld analysis |
| spellingShingle | Maruša Borštnar Christian L. Lengauer Sabina Dolenec Quantitative in Situ X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Early Hydration of Belite-Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement at Various Defined Temperatures Minerals in situ X-ray diffraction hydration temperature cement Rietveld analysis |
| title | Quantitative in Situ X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Early Hydration of Belite-Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement at Various Defined Temperatures |
| title_full | Quantitative in Situ X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Early Hydration of Belite-Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement at Various Defined Temperatures |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative in Situ X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Early Hydration of Belite-Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement at Various Defined Temperatures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative in Situ X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Early Hydration of Belite-Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement at Various Defined Temperatures |
| title_short | Quantitative in Situ X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Early Hydration of Belite-Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement at Various Defined Temperatures |
| title_sort | quantitative in situ x ray diffraction analysis of early hydration of belite calcium sulfoaluminate cement at various defined temperatures |
| topic | in situ X-ray diffraction hydration temperature cement Rietveld analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/3/297 |
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