Male subclinical hypogonadism and late-onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: mechanisms, endothelial function, and interplay between reproductive hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and endothelial dysfunction
Background Pathogenesis and endothelial function in subclinical hypogonadism (SCH) remain unclear. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) participates in atherosclerosis and reproduction. We explored the underlying mechanisms and interplay of endothelial dysfunction, unOC and reproductive hormones in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2022-12-01
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| Series: | The Aging Male |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13685538.2022.2049744 |
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| author | Ragaa Abedelshaheed Matta Hazem Mohamed-Ali Farrag Ahmed Abdelfadel Saedii Mohamed Mamdouh Abdelrahman |
| author_facet | Ragaa Abedelshaheed Matta Hazem Mohamed-Ali Farrag Ahmed Abdelfadel Saedii Mohamed Mamdouh Abdelrahman |
| author_sort | Ragaa Abedelshaheed Matta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Pathogenesis and endothelial function in subclinical hypogonadism (SCH) remain unclear. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) participates in atherosclerosis and reproduction. We explored the underlying mechanisms and interplay of endothelial dysfunction, unOC and reproductive hormones in SCH and primary late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). Methods In the SCH, LOH, and healthy eugonadal male groups, we measured serum unOC, calculated luteinizing hormone/testosterone (LH/T), LH.T product, and estradiol/T (E/T) as indicators of impaired Leydig cells, androgen sensitivity index (ASI), and aromatase activity, respectively (LH set-point regulators), and assessed flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery (FMD%), carotid-intima media thickness (CIMT), and aortic stiffness (AS). Results ↑LH/T, ↑ASI, ↓aromatase activity, normal T, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, ↑unOC, and enhanced atherosclerotic markers (↓FMD%, ↑CIMT, ↑AS) are characteristics of SCH. Testosterone was positively correlated with FMD% in SCH. The independent predictors were: SHBG and LH for FMD% and CIMT, respectively, and LH/T, ucOC, FSH, estradiol, and E/T ratio for AS in the LOH group; and LH for FMD% & AS and LH and LH/T for CIMT in all study subjects. Conclusions SCH is a distinct clinical entity characterized by impaired androgen sensitivity and aromatase activity, compensatory elevated unOC, endothelial dysfunction, and anti-atherogenic role of testosterone. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:24:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3745499df24d4b21b37c6b90e3eb595d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1368-5538 1473-0790 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:24:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Aging Male |
| spelling | doaj.art-3745499df24d4b21b37c6b90e3eb595d2022-12-22T00:44:39ZengTaylor & Francis GroupThe Aging Male1368-55381473-07902022-12-01251728710.1080/13685538.2022.20497442049744Male subclinical hypogonadism and late-onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: mechanisms, endothelial function, and interplay between reproductive hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and endothelial dysfunctionRagaa Abedelshaheed Matta0Hazem Mohamed-Ali Farrag1Ahmed Abdelfadel Saedii2Mohamed Mamdouh Abdelrahman3Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityBackground Pathogenesis and endothelial function in subclinical hypogonadism (SCH) remain unclear. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) participates in atherosclerosis and reproduction. We explored the underlying mechanisms and interplay of endothelial dysfunction, unOC and reproductive hormones in SCH and primary late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). Methods In the SCH, LOH, and healthy eugonadal male groups, we measured serum unOC, calculated luteinizing hormone/testosterone (LH/T), LH.T product, and estradiol/T (E/T) as indicators of impaired Leydig cells, androgen sensitivity index (ASI), and aromatase activity, respectively (LH set-point regulators), and assessed flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery (FMD%), carotid-intima media thickness (CIMT), and aortic stiffness (AS). Results ↑LH/T, ↑ASI, ↓aromatase activity, normal T, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, ↑unOC, and enhanced atherosclerotic markers (↓FMD%, ↑CIMT, ↑AS) are characteristics of SCH. Testosterone was positively correlated with FMD% in SCH. The independent predictors were: SHBG and LH for FMD% and CIMT, respectively, and LH/T, ucOC, FSH, estradiol, and E/T ratio for AS in the LOH group; and LH for FMD% & AS and LH and LH/T for CIMT in all study subjects. Conclusions SCH is a distinct clinical entity characterized by impaired androgen sensitivity and aromatase activity, compensatory elevated unOC, endothelial dysfunction, and anti-atherogenic role of testosterone.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13685538.2022.2049744subclinical hypogonadismundercarboxylated osteocalcinsubclinical atherosclerosisandrogen sensitivity indexreproductive male hormone |
| spellingShingle | Ragaa Abedelshaheed Matta Hazem Mohamed-Ali Farrag Ahmed Abdelfadel Saedii Mohamed Mamdouh Abdelrahman Male subclinical hypogonadism and late-onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: mechanisms, endothelial function, and interplay between reproductive hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and endothelial dysfunction The Aging Male subclinical hypogonadism undercarboxylated osteocalcin subclinical atherosclerosis androgen sensitivity index reproductive male hormone |
| title | Male subclinical hypogonadism and late-onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: mechanisms, endothelial function, and interplay between reproductive hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and endothelial dysfunction |
| title_full | Male subclinical hypogonadism and late-onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: mechanisms, endothelial function, and interplay between reproductive hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and endothelial dysfunction |
| title_fullStr | Male subclinical hypogonadism and late-onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: mechanisms, endothelial function, and interplay between reproductive hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and endothelial dysfunction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Male subclinical hypogonadism and late-onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: mechanisms, endothelial function, and interplay between reproductive hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and endothelial dysfunction |
| title_short | Male subclinical hypogonadism and late-onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: mechanisms, endothelial function, and interplay between reproductive hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and endothelial dysfunction |
| title_sort | male subclinical hypogonadism and late onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism mechanisms endothelial function and interplay between reproductive hormones undercarboxylated osteocalcin and endothelial dysfunction |
| topic | subclinical hypogonadism undercarboxylated osteocalcin subclinical atherosclerosis androgen sensitivity index reproductive male hormone |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13685538.2022.2049744 |
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