<i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (North Pacific Krill): Review of Chemical Features and Potential Benefits of 8-HEPE against Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia, NAFLD, and Atherosclerosis
Marine n-3 fatty acids are well known to have health benefits. Recently, krill oil, which contains phospholipids, has been in the spotlight as an n-3 PUFA-containing oil. <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (<i>E. pacifica</i>), also called North Pacific krill, is a small, red crustace...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3765 |
| _version_ | 1797508990037393408 |
|---|---|
| author | Nanae Ishida Hidetoshi Yamada Masamichi Hirose |
| author_facet | Nanae Ishida Hidetoshi Yamada Masamichi Hirose |
| author_sort | Nanae Ishida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marine n-3 fatty acids are well known to have health benefits. Recently, krill oil, which contains phospholipids, has been in the spotlight as an n-3 PUFA-containing oil. <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (<i>E. pacifica</i>), also called North Pacific krill, is a small, red crustacean similar to shrimp that flourishes in the North Pacific Ocean. <i>E. pacifica</i> oil contains 8-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (8-HEPE) at a level more than 10 times higher than <i>Euphausia superba</i> oil. 8-HEPE can activate the transcription of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), PPARγ, and PPARδ to levels 10, 5, and 3 times greater than eicosapentaenoic acid, respectively. 8-HEPE has beneficial effects against metabolic syndrome (reduction in body weight gain, visceral fat area, amount of gonadal white adipose tissue, and gonadal adipocyte cell size), dyslipidemia (reduction in serum triacylglycerol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and induction of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), atherosclerosis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (reduction in triglyceride accumulation and hepatic steatosis in the liver) in mice. Further studies should focus on the beneficial effects of North Pacific krill oil products and 8-HEPE on human health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:11:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-374a490d481e4919a7237d73f1a9ffad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:11:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-374a490d481e4919a7237d73f1a9ffad2023-11-23T00:45:35ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-10-011311376510.3390/nu13113765<i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (North Pacific Krill): Review of Chemical Features and Potential Benefits of 8-HEPE against Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia, NAFLD, and AtherosclerosisNanae Ishida0Hidetoshi Yamada1Masamichi Hirose2Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Iwate 028-3694, JapanFaculty of Life & Environmental Science, Teikyo University of Science, Tokyo 120-0045, JapanDepartment of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Iwate 028-3694, JapanMarine n-3 fatty acids are well known to have health benefits. Recently, krill oil, which contains phospholipids, has been in the spotlight as an n-3 PUFA-containing oil. <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (<i>E. pacifica</i>), also called North Pacific krill, is a small, red crustacean similar to shrimp that flourishes in the North Pacific Ocean. <i>E. pacifica</i> oil contains 8-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (8-HEPE) at a level more than 10 times higher than <i>Euphausia superba</i> oil. 8-HEPE can activate the transcription of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), PPARγ, and PPARδ to levels 10, 5, and 3 times greater than eicosapentaenoic acid, respectively. 8-HEPE has beneficial effects against metabolic syndrome (reduction in body weight gain, visceral fat area, amount of gonadal white adipose tissue, and gonadal adipocyte cell size), dyslipidemia (reduction in serum triacylglycerol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and induction of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), atherosclerosis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (reduction in triglyceride accumulation and hepatic steatosis in the liver) in mice. Further studies should focus on the beneficial effects of North Pacific krill oil products and 8-HEPE on human health.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3765<i>Euphausia pacifica</i>8-HEPEN-3 polyunsaturated fatty acidsnonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
| spellingShingle | Nanae Ishida Hidetoshi Yamada Masamichi Hirose <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (North Pacific Krill): Review of Chemical Features and Potential Benefits of 8-HEPE against Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia, NAFLD, and Atherosclerosis Nutrients <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> 8-HEPE N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
| title | <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (North Pacific Krill): Review of Chemical Features and Potential Benefits of 8-HEPE against Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia, NAFLD, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_full | <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (North Pacific Krill): Review of Chemical Features and Potential Benefits of 8-HEPE against Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia, NAFLD, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_fullStr | <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (North Pacific Krill): Review of Chemical Features and Potential Benefits of 8-HEPE against Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia, NAFLD, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (North Pacific Krill): Review of Chemical Features and Potential Benefits of 8-HEPE against Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia, NAFLD, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_short | <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> (North Pacific Krill): Review of Chemical Features and Potential Benefits of 8-HEPE against Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia, NAFLD, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_sort | i euphausia pacifica i north pacific krill review of chemical features and potential benefits of 8 hepe against metabolic syndrome dyslipidemia nafld and atherosclerosis |
| topic | <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> 8-HEPE N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3765 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nanaeishida ieuphausiapacificainorthpacifickrillreviewofchemicalfeaturesandpotentialbenefitsof8hepeagainstmetabolicsyndromedyslipidemianafldandatherosclerosis AT hidetoshiyamada ieuphausiapacificainorthpacifickrillreviewofchemicalfeaturesandpotentialbenefitsof8hepeagainstmetabolicsyndromedyslipidemianafldandatherosclerosis AT masamichihirose ieuphausiapacificainorthpacifickrillreviewofchemicalfeaturesandpotentialbenefitsof8hepeagainstmetabolicsyndromedyslipidemianafldandatherosclerosis |