Electrochemical Sensor Based on Iron(II) Phthalocyanine and Gold Nanoparticles for Nitrite Detection in Meat Products
Nitrites are widely used in the food industry, particularly for the preservation of meat products. Controlling the nitrate content in food is an important task to ensure people’s health is not at risk; therefore, the search for, and research of, new materials that will modify the electrodes in the e...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5780 |
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| author | Svetlana I. Dorovskikh Darya D. Klyamer Anastasiya D. Fedorenko Natalia B. Morozova Tamara V. Basova |
| author_facet | Svetlana I. Dorovskikh Darya D. Klyamer Anastasiya D. Fedorenko Natalia B. Morozova Tamara V. Basova |
| author_sort | Svetlana I. Dorovskikh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitrites are widely used in the food industry, particularly for the preservation of meat products. Controlling the nitrate content in food is an important task to ensure people’s health is not at risk; therefore, the search for, and research of, new materials that will modify the electrodes in the electrochemical sensors that detect and control the nitrate content in food products is an urgent task. In this paper, we describe the electrochemical behavior of a glass carbon electrode (GCE), modified with a Fe(II) tetra-tert-butyl phthalocyanine film (FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub>/GCE), and decorated with gold nanoparticles (Au/FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub>/GCE); this electrode was deposited using gas-phase methods. The composition and morphology of such electrodes were examined using spectroscopy and electron microscopy methods, whereas the main electrochemical characteristics were determined using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry (CA) methods in the linear ranges of CV 0.25–2.5 mM, CA 2–120 μM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH = 6.8). The results showed that the modification of bare GCEs, with a Au/FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub> heterostructure, provided a high surface-to-volume ratio, thus ensuring its high sensitivity to nitrite ions of 0.46 μAμM<sup>−1</sup>. The sensor based on the Au/FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub>/GCE has a low limit of nitrite detection at 0.35 μM, good repeatability, and stability. The interference study showed that the proposed Au/FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub>/GCE exhibited a selective response in the presence of interfering anions, and the analytical capability of the sensor was demonstrated by determining nitrite ions in real samples of meat products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:58:52Z |
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| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:58:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-374c9c1d60c44a2fbcdbc7b46975e32d2023-12-03T13:01:45ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-08-012215578010.3390/s22155780Electrochemical Sensor Based on Iron(II) Phthalocyanine and Gold Nanoparticles for Nitrite Detection in Meat ProductsSvetlana I. Dorovskikh0Darya D. Klyamer1Anastasiya D. Fedorenko2Natalia B. Morozova3Tamara V. Basova4Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Lavrentiev Pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaNikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Lavrentiev Pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaNikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Lavrentiev Pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaNikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Lavrentiev Pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaNikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Lavrentiev Pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaNitrites are widely used in the food industry, particularly for the preservation of meat products. Controlling the nitrate content in food is an important task to ensure people’s health is not at risk; therefore, the search for, and research of, new materials that will modify the electrodes in the electrochemical sensors that detect and control the nitrate content in food products is an urgent task. In this paper, we describe the electrochemical behavior of a glass carbon electrode (GCE), modified with a Fe(II) tetra-tert-butyl phthalocyanine film (FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub>/GCE), and decorated with gold nanoparticles (Au/FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub>/GCE); this electrode was deposited using gas-phase methods. The composition and morphology of such electrodes were examined using spectroscopy and electron microscopy methods, whereas the main electrochemical characteristics were determined using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry (CA) methods in the linear ranges of CV 0.25–2.5 mM, CA 2–120 μM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH = 6.8). The results showed that the modification of bare GCEs, with a Au/FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub> heterostructure, provided a high surface-to-volume ratio, thus ensuring its high sensitivity to nitrite ions of 0.46 μAμM<sup>−1</sup>. The sensor based on the Au/FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub>/GCE has a low limit of nitrite detection at 0.35 μM, good repeatability, and stability. The interference study showed that the proposed Au/FePc(tBu)<sub>4</sub>/GCE exhibited a selective response in the presence of interfering anions, and the analytical capability of the sensor was demonstrated by determining nitrite ions in real samples of meat products.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5780iron phthalocyaninegold nanoparticlesnitrite detectionamperometric response |
| spellingShingle | Svetlana I. Dorovskikh Darya D. Klyamer Anastasiya D. Fedorenko Natalia B. Morozova Tamara V. Basova Electrochemical Sensor Based on Iron(II) Phthalocyanine and Gold Nanoparticles for Nitrite Detection in Meat Products Sensors iron phthalocyanine gold nanoparticles nitrite detection amperometric response |
| title | Electrochemical Sensor Based on Iron(II) Phthalocyanine and Gold Nanoparticles for Nitrite Detection in Meat Products |
| title_full | Electrochemical Sensor Based on Iron(II) Phthalocyanine and Gold Nanoparticles for Nitrite Detection in Meat Products |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical Sensor Based on Iron(II) Phthalocyanine and Gold Nanoparticles for Nitrite Detection in Meat Products |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical Sensor Based on Iron(II) Phthalocyanine and Gold Nanoparticles for Nitrite Detection in Meat Products |
| title_short | Electrochemical Sensor Based on Iron(II) Phthalocyanine and Gold Nanoparticles for Nitrite Detection in Meat Products |
| title_sort | electrochemical sensor based on iron ii phthalocyanine and gold nanoparticles for nitrite detection in meat products |
| topic | iron phthalocyanine gold nanoparticles nitrite detection amperometric response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5780 |
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