Twelve-Weeks of Bench-Step Exercise Training Ameliorates Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Mood State in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study
<i>Background and objectives:</i> Unhealthy, physically inactive lifestyles increase the risk of future cardiovascular events and impaired physical fitness in individuals with schizophrenia. Insufficient literature exists to provide fundamental information about appropriate exercise trai...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1010-660X/57/2/149 |
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| author | Yu-Chi Kuo Dan-Yan Chang Yi-Hung Liao |
| author_facet | Yu-Chi Kuo Dan-Yan Chang Yi-Hung Liao |
| author_sort | Yu-Chi Kuo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and objectives:</i> Unhealthy, physically inactive lifestyles increase the risk of future cardiovascular events and impaired physical fitness in individuals with schizophrenia. Insufficient literature exists to provide fundamental information about appropriate exercise training modality for this population. This pilot study preliminarily investigated the effects of a 12-week moderate-intensity bench-step exercise training (BSET) program on cardiopulmonary fitness, mood state, and cognition in patients with schizophrenia. <i>Methods:</i> Twenty-eight patients with schizophrenia completed this study. The participants were allocated into either bench-step exercise-training (BSET; <i>N</i> = 14) or control (CTRL; <i>N</i> = 14) groups according to their preferences. The BSET group received a 12-week bench-step intervention, whereas the CTRL group did not participate in any training. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), 6-min walk test (6MWD), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) were assessed at baseline (PRE) and at the end of the intervention (POST) to determine mood state, endurance fitness, and attention, respectively. <i>Results:</i> After a 12-week BSET intervention, the 6MWD was significantly increased in the BSET (<i>p</i> = 0.007) but not in the CTRL (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The participants with BSET intervention showed a significant decrease in BDI-II at the end of the intervention (<i>p</i> = 0.03). However, SDMT scores were not different in both BSET and CTRL (<i>p</i> > 0.05). <i>Conclusions:</i> This study demonstrated that the 12-week intervention of moderate-intensity bench-step exercise training (frequency: 1 session/week; each session of 30 min; step cadence: 96 beats/min) might effectively enhance cardiopulmonary fitness and mood state in patients with schizophrenia. However, attention did not change after the bench-step exercise intervention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:51:01Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:51:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-374e9a36167d4dedae578ce99234d9552023-09-03T00:16:33ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X2021-02-015714914910.3390/medicina57020149Twelve-Weeks of Bench-Step Exercise Training Ameliorates Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Mood State in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot StudyYu-Chi Kuo0Dan-Yan Chang1Yi-Hung Liao2Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, TaiwanDepartment of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, TaiwanDepartment of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, Taiwan<i>Background and objectives:</i> Unhealthy, physically inactive lifestyles increase the risk of future cardiovascular events and impaired physical fitness in individuals with schizophrenia. Insufficient literature exists to provide fundamental information about appropriate exercise training modality for this population. This pilot study preliminarily investigated the effects of a 12-week moderate-intensity bench-step exercise training (BSET) program on cardiopulmonary fitness, mood state, and cognition in patients with schizophrenia. <i>Methods:</i> Twenty-eight patients with schizophrenia completed this study. The participants were allocated into either bench-step exercise-training (BSET; <i>N</i> = 14) or control (CTRL; <i>N</i> = 14) groups according to their preferences. The BSET group received a 12-week bench-step intervention, whereas the CTRL group did not participate in any training. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), 6-min walk test (6MWD), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) were assessed at baseline (PRE) and at the end of the intervention (POST) to determine mood state, endurance fitness, and attention, respectively. <i>Results:</i> After a 12-week BSET intervention, the 6MWD was significantly increased in the BSET (<i>p</i> = 0.007) but not in the CTRL (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The participants with BSET intervention showed a significant decrease in BDI-II at the end of the intervention (<i>p</i> = 0.03). However, SDMT scores were not different in both BSET and CTRL (<i>p</i> > 0.05). <i>Conclusions:</i> This study demonstrated that the 12-week intervention of moderate-intensity bench-step exercise training (frequency: 1 session/week; each session of 30 min; step cadence: 96 beats/min) might effectively enhance cardiopulmonary fitness and mood state in patients with schizophrenia. However, attention did not change after the bench-step exercise intervention.https://www.mdpi.com/1010-660X/57/2/1496-min walk distance (6MWD)beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II)symbol digit modalities test (SDMT)mood statesfitnessattention |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Chi Kuo Dan-Yan Chang Yi-Hung Liao Twelve-Weeks of Bench-Step Exercise Training Ameliorates Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Mood State in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study Medicina 6-min walk distance (6MWD) beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II) symbol digit modalities test (SDMT) mood states fitness attention |
| title | Twelve-Weeks of Bench-Step Exercise Training Ameliorates Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Mood State in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study |
| title_full | Twelve-Weeks of Bench-Step Exercise Training Ameliorates Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Mood State in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Twelve-Weeks of Bench-Step Exercise Training Ameliorates Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Mood State in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Twelve-Weeks of Bench-Step Exercise Training Ameliorates Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Mood State in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study |
| title_short | Twelve-Weeks of Bench-Step Exercise Training Ameliorates Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Mood State in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study |
| title_sort | twelve weeks of bench step exercise training ameliorates cardiopulmonary fitness and mood state in patients with schizophrenia a pilot study |
| topic | 6-min walk distance (6MWD) beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II) symbol digit modalities test (SDMT) mood states fitness attention |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1010-660X/57/2/149 |
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