Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing Climate
Studying the genetics of adaptation to new environments in ecologically and industrially important tree species is currently a major research line in the fields of plant science and genetic improvement for tolerance to abiotic stress. Specifically, exploring the genomic basis of local adaptation is...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.583323/full |
| _version_ | 1819229889800175616 |
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| author | Andrés J. Cortés Andrés J. Cortés Manuela Restrepo-Montoya Larry E. Bedoya-Canas |
| author_facet | Andrés J. Cortés Andrés J. Cortés Manuela Restrepo-Montoya Larry E. Bedoya-Canas |
| author_sort | Andrés J. Cortés |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Studying the genetics of adaptation to new environments in ecologically and industrially important tree species is currently a major research line in the fields of plant science and genetic improvement for tolerance to abiotic stress. Specifically, exploring the genomic basis of local adaptation is imperative for assessing the conditions under which trees will successfully adapt in situ to global climate change. However, this knowledge has scarcely been used in conservation and forest tree improvement because woody perennials face major research limitations such as their outcrossing reproductive systems, long juvenile phase, and huge genome sizes. Therefore, in this review we discuss predictive genomic approaches that promise increasing adaptive selection accuracy and shortening generation intervals. They may also assist the detection of novel allelic variants from tree germplasm, and disclose the genomic potential of adaptation to different environments. For instance, natural populations of tree species invite using tools from the population genomics field to study the signatures of local adaptation. Conventional genetic markers and whole genome sequencing both help identifying genes and markers that diverge between local populations more than expected under neutrality, and that exhibit unique signatures of diversity indicative of “selective sweeps.” Ultimately, these efforts inform the conservation and breeding status capable of pivoting forest health, ecosystem services, and sustainable production. Key long-term perspectives include understanding how trees’ phylogeographic history may affect the adaptive relevant genetic variation available for adaptation to environmental change. Encouraging “big data” approaches (machine learning—ML) capable of comprehensively merging heterogeneous genomic and ecological datasets is becoming imperative, too. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T11:20:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3757bbcbdf6b447ba9c0255ae6ca6b19 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T11:20:21Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-3757bbcbdf6b447ba9c0255ae6ca6b192022-12-21T17:49:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2020-10-011110.3389/fpls.2020.583323583323Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing ClimateAndrés J. Cortés0Andrés J. Cortés1Manuela Restrepo-Montoya2Larry E. Bedoya-Canas3Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria AGROSAVIA, Rionegro, ColombiaDepartamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia – Sede Medellín, Medellín, ColombiaDepartamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia – Sede Medellín, Medellín, ColombiaDepartamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia – Sede Medellín, Medellín, ColombiaStudying the genetics of adaptation to new environments in ecologically and industrially important tree species is currently a major research line in the fields of plant science and genetic improvement for tolerance to abiotic stress. Specifically, exploring the genomic basis of local adaptation is imperative for assessing the conditions under which trees will successfully adapt in situ to global climate change. However, this knowledge has scarcely been used in conservation and forest tree improvement because woody perennials face major research limitations such as their outcrossing reproductive systems, long juvenile phase, and huge genome sizes. Therefore, in this review we discuss predictive genomic approaches that promise increasing adaptive selection accuracy and shortening generation intervals. They may also assist the detection of novel allelic variants from tree germplasm, and disclose the genomic potential of adaptation to different environments. For instance, natural populations of tree species invite using tools from the population genomics field to study the signatures of local adaptation. Conventional genetic markers and whole genome sequencing both help identifying genes and markers that diverge between local populations more than expected under neutrality, and that exhibit unique signatures of diversity indicative of “selective sweeps.” Ultimately, these efforts inform the conservation and breeding status capable of pivoting forest health, ecosystem services, and sustainable production. Key long-term perspectives include understanding how trees’ phylogeographic history may affect the adaptive relevant genetic variation available for adaptation to environmental change. Encouraging “big data” approaches (machine learning—ML) capable of comprehensively merging heterogeneous genomic and ecological datasets is becoming imperative, too.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.583323/fullgenomics of adaptationgenomic predictiongenome-wide association studiesgenome-wide selection scansassisted gene flowmachine learning |
| spellingShingle | Andrés J. Cortés Andrés J. Cortés Manuela Restrepo-Montoya Larry E. Bedoya-Canas Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing Climate Frontiers in Plant Science genomics of adaptation genomic prediction genome-wide association studies genome-wide selection scans assisted gene flow machine learning |
| title | Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing Climate |
| title_full | Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing Climate |
| title_fullStr | Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing Climate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing Climate |
| title_short | Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing Climate |
| title_sort | modern strategies to assess and breed forest tree adaptation to changing climate |
| topic | genomics of adaptation genomic prediction genome-wide association studies genome-wide selection scans assisted gene flow machine learning |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.583323/full |
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