The putatively high‐altitude adaptation of macaque monkeys: Evidence from the fecal metabolome and gut microbiome
Abstract Animals living in high‐altitude environments, such as the Tibetan Plateau, must face harsh environmental conditions (e.g., hypoxia, cold, and strong UV radiation). These animals' physiological adaptations (e.g., increased red cell production and turnover rate) might also be associated...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Applications |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13595 |
| _version_ | 1797541888262144000 |
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| author | Dayong Li Wancai Xia Xinyuan Cui Mei Zhao Kai Huang Xueyu Wang Jian Shen Hua Chen Lifeng Zhu |
| author_facet | Dayong Li Wancai Xia Xinyuan Cui Mei Zhao Kai Huang Xueyu Wang Jian Shen Hua Chen Lifeng Zhu |
| author_sort | Dayong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Animals living in high‐altitude environments, such as the Tibetan Plateau, must face harsh environmental conditions (e.g., hypoxia, cold, and strong UV radiation). These animals' physiological adaptations (e.g., increased red cell production and turnover rate) might also be associated with the gut microbial response. Bilirubin is a component of red blood cell turnover or destruction and is excreted into the intestine and reduced to urobilinoids and/or urobilinogen by gut bacteria. Here, we found that the feces of macaques living in high‐altitude regions look significantly browner (with a high concentration of stercobilin, a component from urobilinoids) than those living in low‐altitude regions. We also found that gut microbes involved in urobilinogen reduction (e.g., beta‐glucuronidase) were enriched in the high‐altitude mammal population compared to the low‐altitude population. Moreover, the spatial–temporal change in gut microbial function was more profound in the low‐altitude macaques than in the high‐altitude population, which might be attributed to profound changes in food resources in the low‐altitude regions. Therefore, we conclude that a high‐altitude environment's stress influences living animals and their symbiotic microbiota. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:23:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3775dae36ef543d98beef2b1dd70dba5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1752-4571 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:23:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-3775dae36ef543d98beef2b1dd70dba52023-11-21T09:52:38ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712023-10-0116101708172010.1111/eva.13595The putatively high‐altitude adaptation of macaque monkeys: Evidence from the fecal metabolome and gut microbiomeDayong Li0Wancai Xia1Xinyuan Cui2Mei Zhao3Kai Huang4Xueyu Wang5Jian Shen6Hua Chen7Lifeng Zhu8Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Nanchong ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Nanchong ChinaCollege of Life Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Nanchong ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Nanchong ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Nanchong ChinaHuadian Energy Co., Ltd. Tibet ChinaMingke Biotechnology Hangzhou ChinaSchool of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing ChinaAbstract Animals living in high‐altitude environments, such as the Tibetan Plateau, must face harsh environmental conditions (e.g., hypoxia, cold, and strong UV radiation). These animals' physiological adaptations (e.g., increased red cell production and turnover rate) might also be associated with the gut microbial response. Bilirubin is a component of red blood cell turnover or destruction and is excreted into the intestine and reduced to urobilinoids and/or urobilinogen by gut bacteria. Here, we found that the feces of macaques living in high‐altitude regions look significantly browner (with a high concentration of stercobilin, a component from urobilinoids) than those living in low‐altitude regions. We also found that gut microbes involved in urobilinogen reduction (e.g., beta‐glucuronidase) were enriched in the high‐altitude mammal population compared to the low‐altitude population. Moreover, the spatial–temporal change in gut microbial function was more profound in the low‐altitude macaques than in the high‐altitude population, which might be attributed to profound changes in food resources in the low‐altitude regions. Therefore, we conclude that a high‐altitude environment's stress influences living animals and their symbiotic microbiota.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13595adaptationfecal colorgut microbiomehigh altitudeprimatesspatial–temporal changes |
| spellingShingle | Dayong Li Wancai Xia Xinyuan Cui Mei Zhao Kai Huang Xueyu Wang Jian Shen Hua Chen Lifeng Zhu The putatively high‐altitude adaptation of macaque monkeys: Evidence from the fecal metabolome and gut microbiome Evolutionary Applications adaptation fecal color gut microbiome high altitude primates spatial–temporal changes |
| title | The putatively high‐altitude adaptation of macaque monkeys: Evidence from the fecal metabolome and gut microbiome |
| title_full | The putatively high‐altitude adaptation of macaque monkeys: Evidence from the fecal metabolome and gut microbiome |
| title_fullStr | The putatively high‐altitude adaptation of macaque monkeys: Evidence from the fecal metabolome and gut microbiome |
| title_full_unstemmed | The putatively high‐altitude adaptation of macaque monkeys: Evidence from the fecal metabolome and gut microbiome |
| title_short | The putatively high‐altitude adaptation of macaque monkeys: Evidence from the fecal metabolome and gut microbiome |
| title_sort | putatively high altitude adaptation of macaque monkeys evidence from the fecal metabolome and gut microbiome |
| topic | adaptation fecal color gut microbiome high altitude primates spatial–temporal changes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13595 |
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