Exposure to Smoke During Development: Fetal Programming of Adult Disease
It is well established that smoking has potent effects on a number of parameters including food intake, body weight, metabolism, and blood pressure. For example, it is well documented that 1) there is an inverse relationship between smoking and body weight, and 2) smoking cessation is associated wit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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European Publishing
2006-08-01
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| Series: | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/Exposure-to-Smoke-During-Development-Fetal-Programming-of-Adult-Disease,65894,0,2.html |
| _version_ | 1818567511117922304 |
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| author | Hugo T Bergen |
| author_facet | Hugo T Bergen |
| author_sort | Hugo T Bergen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is well established that smoking has potent effects on a number of parameters including food intake, body weight, metabolism, and blood pressure. For example, it is well documented that 1) there is an inverse relationship between smoking and body weight, and 2) smoking cessation is associated with weight gain. However, there is increasing evidence that smoking can exert deleterious effects on energy balance through maternal exposure during fetal development. Specifically, there appears to be an increased incidence of metabolic disease (including obesity), and cardiovascular disease in children and adults that were exposed to smoke during fetal development. The present review will examine the relationship between maternal smoke and adult disease in offspring. The epidemiological studies highlighting this relationship will be reviewed as well as the experimental animal models that point to potential mechanisms underlying this relationship. A better understanding of how smoking effects changes in energy balance may lead to treatments to ameliorate the long-lasting effects of perinatal exposure to smoke as well as increasing the health benefits associated with smoking cessation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T06:24:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-377ac248eddc437e8dcf992f71392d74 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1617-9625 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T06:24:21Z |
| publishDate | 2006-08-01 |
| publisher | European Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-377ac248eddc437e8dcf992f71392d742022-12-21T23:13:44ZengEuropean PublishingTobacco Induced Diseases1617-96252006-08-013August10.1186/1617-9625-3-2-565894Exposure to Smoke During Development: Fetal Programming of Adult DiseaseHugo T Bergen0Dept. of Human Anatomy & Cell Science, University of Manitoba, CanadaIt is well established that smoking has potent effects on a number of parameters including food intake, body weight, metabolism, and blood pressure. For example, it is well documented that 1) there is an inverse relationship between smoking and body weight, and 2) smoking cessation is associated with weight gain. However, there is increasing evidence that smoking can exert deleterious effects on energy balance through maternal exposure during fetal development. Specifically, there appears to be an increased incidence of metabolic disease (including obesity), and cardiovascular disease in children and adults that were exposed to smoke during fetal development. The present review will examine the relationship between maternal smoke and adult disease in offspring. The epidemiological studies highlighting this relationship will be reviewed as well as the experimental animal models that point to potential mechanisms underlying this relationship. A better understanding of how smoking effects changes in energy balance may lead to treatments to ameliorate the long-lasting effects of perinatal exposure to smoke as well as increasing the health benefits associated with smoking cessation.http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/Exposure-to-Smoke-During-Development-Fetal-Programming-of-Adult-Disease,65894,0,2.htmlobesitynicotinebirth weightfetal growthmaternal smoking |
| spellingShingle | Hugo T Bergen Exposure to Smoke During Development: Fetal Programming of Adult Disease Tobacco Induced Diseases obesity nicotine birth weight fetal growth maternal smoking |
| title | Exposure to Smoke During Development: Fetal Programming of Adult Disease |
| title_full | Exposure to Smoke During Development: Fetal Programming of Adult Disease |
| title_fullStr | Exposure to Smoke During Development: Fetal Programming of Adult Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exposure to Smoke During Development: Fetal Programming of Adult Disease |
| title_short | Exposure to Smoke During Development: Fetal Programming of Adult Disease |
| title_sort | exposure to smoke during development fetal programming of adult disease |
| topic | obesity nicotine birth weight fetal growth maternal smoking |
| url | http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/Exposure-to-Smoke-During-Development-Fetal-Programming-of-Adult-Disease,65894,0,2.html |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hugotbergen exposuretosmokeduringdevelopmentfetalprogrammingofadultdisease |