Local composition control using an active-mixing hotend in fused filament fabrication
Additive manufacturing with local composition control is uniquely suited for the development and exploration of advanced materials with compositionally graded structures. A fused filament fabrication printer was designed with in situ composition control facilitated by using an active-mixing hotend....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Additive Manufacturing Letters |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369023000579 |
| _version_ | 1797633268934246400 |
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| author | Joshua T. Green Ian A. Rybak Jonathan J. Slager Mauricio Lopez Zachary Chanoi Calvin M. Stewart Roger V. Gonzalez |
| author_facet | Joshua T. Green Ian A. Rybak Jonathan J. Slager Mauricio Lopez Zachary Chanoi Calvin M. Stewart Roger V. Gonzalez |
| author_sort | Joshua T. Green |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Additive manufacturing with local composition control is uniquely suited for the development and exploration of advanced materials with compositionally graded structures. A fused filament fabrication printer was designed with in situ composition control facilitated by using an active-mixing hotend. Stepper motors drive three filament extruders and a mixing rod in proportions instructed by a print file to control composition and material distribution within extrusions. Composition tailoring was demonstrated by printing specimens with twelve distinct regions each consisting of unique filament mixtures. Local control of composition was demonstrated by printing a variety of specimens with composition gradients having horizontal, vertical, radial, and circumferential orientations. The tensile properties of printed materials were modified by printing with mix ratios of polylactic acid and thermoplastic polyurethane. Eight blend ratios were tested in tension and have tensile moduli ranging from 17.3 to 3480 MPa. These methods demonstrate advanced capabilities that are well suited for manufacturing functionally graded structures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:51:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37827863fde64a7fa4e2ad5d4dfe8045 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-3690 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:51:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Additive Manufacturing Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-37827863fde64a7fa4e2ad5d4dfe80452023-11-09T04:12:12ZengElsevierAdditive Manufacturing Letters2772-36902023-12-017100177Local composition control using an active-mixing hotend in fused filament fabricationJoshua T. Green0Ian A. Rybak1Jonathan J. Slager2Mauricio Lopez3Zachary Chanoi4Calvin M. Stewart5Roger V. Gonzalez6Department of Engineering Education and Leadership, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Corresponding author.Department of Engineering Education and Leadership, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USADepartment of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, School of Engineering and Weapons, United States Naval Academy, 590 Holloway Rd., Annapolis, MD 21402, USADepartment of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USADepartment of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USADepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, 201W 19th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Engineering Education and Leadership, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USAAdditive manufacturing with local composition control is uniquely suited for the development and exploration of advanced materials with compositionally graded structures. A fused filament fabrication printer was designed with in situ composition control facilitated by using an active-mixing hotend. Stepper motors drive three filament extruders and a mixing rod in proportions instructed by a print file to control composition and material distribution within extrusions. Composition tailoring was demonstrated by printing specimens with twelve distinct regions each consisting of unique filament mixtures. Local control of composition was demonstrated by printing a variety of specimens with composition gradients having horizontal, vertical, radial, and circumferential orientations. The tensile properties of printed materials were modified by printing with mix ratios of polylactic acid and thermoplastic polyurethane. Eight blend ratios were tested in tension and have tensile moduli ranging from 17.3 to 3480 MPa. These methods demonstrate advanced capabilities that are well suited for manufacturing functionally graded structures.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369023000579Local composition controlFunctionally graded materialsFused filament fabricationPolymer blendsThermoplastic polymers, Active mixing |
| spellingShingle | Joshua T. Green Ian A. Rybak Jonathan J. Slager Mauricio Lopez Zachary Chanoi Calvin M. Stewart Roger V. Gonzalez Local composition control using an active-mixing hotend in fused filament fabrication Additive Manufacturing Letters Local composition control Functionally graded materials Fused filament fabrication Polymer blends Thermoplastic polymers, Active mixing |
| title | Local composition control using an active-mixing hotend in fused filament fabrication |
| title_full | Local composition control using an active-mixing hotend in fused filament fabrication |
| title_fullStr | Local composition control using an active-mixing hotend in fused filament fabrication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Local composition control using an active-mixing hotend in fused filament fabrication |
| title_short | Local composition control using an active-mixing hotend in fused filament fabrication |
| title_sort | local composition control using an active mixing hotend in fused filament fabrication |
| topic | Local composition control Functionally graded materials Fused filament fabrication Polymer blends Thermoplastic polymers, Active mixing |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369023000579 |
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