Optimization of Oil Recovery from <i>Japonica</i> Luna Rice Bran by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Applying Design of Experiments: Characterization of the Oil and Mass Transfer Modeling

This study presents an optimization strategy for recovery of oil from <i>Japonica</i> Luna rice bran using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO<sub>2</sub>), based on design of experiments (DoE). Initially, a 2<sup>4−1</sup> two level fractional factorial design (FF...

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Main Authors: José P. Coelho, Maria Paula Robalo, Inês S. Fernandes, Roumiana P. Stateva
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-08-01
Series:ChemEngineering
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/6/4/63
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author José P. Coelho
Maria Paula Robalo
Inês S. Fernandes
Roumiana P. Stateva
author_facet José P. Coelho
Maria Paula Robalo
Inês S. Fernandes
Roumiana P. Stateva
author_sort José P. Coelho
collection DOAJ
description This study presents an optimization strategy for recovery of oil from <i>Japonica</i> Luna rice bran using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO<sub>2</sub>), based on design of experiments (DoE). Initially, a 2<sup>4−1</sup> two level fractional factorial design (FFD) was used, and pressure, temperature, and scCO<sub>2</sub> flow rate were determined as the significant variables; while the yield, total flavonoids content (TFC), and total polyphenols content (TPC) were the response functions used to analyze the quality of the extracts recovered. Subsequently, central composite design (CCD) was applied to examine the effects of the significant variables on the responses and create quadratic surfaces that optimize the latter. The following values of pressure = 34.35 MPa, temperature = 339.5 K, and scCO<sub>2</sub> flow rate = 1.8 × 10<sup>−3</sup> kg/min were found to simultaneously optimize the yield (6.83%), TPC (61.28 μmol GAE/g ext), and TFC (1696.8 μmol EC/g ext). The fatty acid profile of the oils was characterized by GC-FID. It was demonstrated that the acids in largest quantities are C16:0 (15–16%), C18:1 (41%), and C18:2 (38–39%). Finally, three mass transfer models were applied to determine the mass transfer coefficients and assess the cumulative extraction curves, with an AAD% of 4.16, for the best model.
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spelling doaj.art-378e916cb82347adb9b4654643458da12023-11-30T21:07:31ZengMDPI AGChemEngineering2305-70842022-08-01646310.3390/chemengineering6040063Optimization of Oil Recovery from <i>Japonica</i> Luna Rice Bran by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Applying Design of Experiments: Characterization of the Oil and Mass Transfer ModelingJosé P. Coelho0Maria Paula Robalo1Inês S. Fernandes2Roumiana P. Stateva3Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Rua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, PortugalInstituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Rua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, PortugalInstituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Rua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, PortugalInstitute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Academic Georgi Bontchev Str., 1113 Sofia, BulgariaThis study presents an optimization strategy for recovery of oil from <i>Japonica</i> Luna rice bran using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO<sub>2</sub>), based on design of experiments (DoE). Initially, a 2<sup>4−1</sup> two level fractional factorial design (FFD) was used, and pressure, temperature, and scCO<sub>2</sub> flow rate were determined as the significant variables; while the yield, total flavonoids content (TFC), and total polyphenols content (TPC) were the response functions used to analyze the quality of the extracts recovered. Subsequently, central composite design (CCD) was applied to examine the effects of the significant variables on the responses and create quadratic surfaces that optimize the latter. The following values of pressure = 34.35 MPa, temperature = 339.5 K, and scCO<sub>2</sub> flow rate = 1.8 × 10<sup>−3</sup> kg/min were found to simultaneously optimize the yield (6.83%), TPC (61.28 μmol GAE/g ext), and TFC (1696.8 μmol EC/g ext). The fatty acid profile of the oils was characterized by GC-FID. It was demonstrated that the acids in largest quantities are C16:0 (15–16%), C18:1 (41%), and C18:2 (38–39%). Finally, three mass transfer models were applied to determine the mass transfer coefficients and assess the cumulative extraction curves, with an AAD% of 4.16, for the best model.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/6/4/63rice bran oildesign of experiments (DoE)flavonoid contentpolyphenol contentfatty acidsmass transfer modeling
spellingShingle José P. Coelho
Maria Paula Robalo
Inês S. Fernandes
Roumiana P. Stateva
Optimization of Oil Recovery from <i>Japonica</i> Luna Rice Bran by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Applying Design of Experiments: Characterization of the Oil and Mass Transfer Modeling
ChemEngineering
rice bran oil
design of experiments (DoE)
flavonoid content
polyphenol content
fatty acids
mass transfer modeling
title Optimization of Oil Recovery from <i>Japonica</i> Luna Rice Bran by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Applying Design of Experiments: Characterization of the Oil and Mass Transfer Modeling
title_full Optimization of Oil Recovery from <i>Japonica</i> Luna Rice Bran by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Applying Design of Experiments: Characterization of the Oil and Mass Transfer Modeling
title_fullStr Optimization of Oil Recovery from <i>Japonica</i> Luna Rice Bran by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Applying Design of Experiments: Characterization of the Oil and Mass Transfer Modeling
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of Oil Recovery from <i>Japonica</i> Luna Rice Bran by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Applying Design of Experiments: Characterization of the Oil and Mass Transfer Modeling
title_short Optimization of Oil Recovery from <i>Japonica</i> Luna Rice Bran by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Applying Design of Experiments: Characterization of the Oil and Mass Transfer Modeling
title_sort optimization of oil recovery from i japonica i luna rice bran by supercritical carbon dioxide applying design of experiments characterization of the oil and mass transfer modeling
topic rice bran oil
design of experiments (DoE)
flavonoid content
polyphenol content
fatty acids
mass transfer modeling
url https://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/6/4/63
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