Chemical Composition, Algicidal, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of <i>Taiwania flousiana</i> Gaussen
<i>Taiwania flousiana (T. flousiana</i>) Gaussen is a precious wood in the family Taxodiaceae. This study investigated the chemical components of the essential oil from the stem bark of <i>T. flousiana</i> and its algicidal, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. Sixty-nine...
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MDPI AG
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/4/967 |
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| author | Hongmei Liu Jiguang Huang Sifan Yang Jialin Li Lijuan Zhou |
| author_facet | Hongmei Liu Jiguang Huang Sifan Yang Jialin Li Lijuan Zhou |
| author_sort | Hongmei Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Taiwania flousiana (T. flousiana</i>) Gaussen is a precious wood in the family Taxodiaceae. This study investigated the chemical components of the essential oil from the stem bark of <i>T. flousiana</i> and its algicidal, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. Sixty-nine compounds representing 89.70% of the stem bark essential oil were identified by GC-MS. The essential oil showed strong anti-algae, anti-bacteria, and anti-fungus activities against the tested species, and antioxidant activities. The IC<sub>50</sub> values of the essential oil against chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the total chlorophyll of <i>Spirogyra communis</i> (a species of algae), 24−96 h after the treatment, ranged from 31.77 to 84.92 μg/mL, while the IC<sub>50</sub> values of butachlor ranged from 40.24 to 58.09 μg/mL. Ultrastructure changes revealed by the transmission electron microscopy indicated that the main algicidal action sites were the chloroplast and cell wall. The essential oil showed antifungal activities on <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> (EC<sub>50</sub> = 287.94 μg/mL) and <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioiles</i> (EC<sub>50</sub> = 378.90 μg/mL). It also showed bactericidal activities on <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, with zones of inhibition (ZOIs) being 18.66 and 16.75 mm, respectively at 40 μg/disk. Additionally, the essential oil possessed antioxidant activity estimated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method (IC<sub>50</sub> = 33.51 μg/mL; IC<sub>50</sub> value of the positive control ascorbic acid was 7.98 μg/mL). Thus, the essential oil of this plant might be used as a possible source of natural bioactive molecules in agrochemical industry as well as in food and cosmetic industries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T19:18:21Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T19:18:21Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-378e9d5583b448438bbdf75cace219c82022-12-21T18:53:00ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-02-0125496710.3390/molecules25040967molecules25040967Chemical Composition, Algicidal, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of <i>Taiwania flousiana</i> GaussenHongmei Liu0Jiguang Huang1Sifan Yang2Jialin Li3Lijuan Zhou4Key Lab of Natural Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, ChinaKey Lab of Natural Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, ChinaOrganic Agriculture, Wageningen University and Research, Gelderland, 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsKey Lab of Natural Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, ChinaKey Lab of Natural Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China<i>Taiwania flousiana (T. flousiana</i>) Gaussen is a precious wood in the family Taxodiaceae. This study investigated the chemical components of the essential oil from the stem bark of <i>T. flousiana</i> and its algicidal, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. Sixty-nine compounds representing 89.70% of the stem bark essential oil were identified by GC-MS. The essential oil showed strong anti-algae, anti-bacteria, and anti-fungus activities against the tested species, and antioxidant activities. The IC<sub>50</sub> values of the essential oil against chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the total chlorophyll of <i>Spirogyra communis</i> (a species of algae), 24−96 h after the treatment, ranged from 31.77 to 84.92 μg/mL, while the IC<sub>50</sub> values of butachlor ranged from 40.24 to 58.09 μg/mL. Ultrastructure changes revealed by the transmission electron microscopy indicated that the main algicidal action sites were the chloroplast and cell wall. The essential oil showed antifungal activities on <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> (EC<sub>50</sub> = 287.94 μg/mL) and <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioiles</i> (EC<sub>50</sub> = 378.90 μg/mL). It also showed bactericidal activities on <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, with zones of inhibition (ZOIs) being 18.66 and 16.75 mm, respectively at 40 μg/disk. Additionally, the essential oil possessed antioxidant activity estimated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method (IC<sub>50</sub> = 33.51 μg/mL; IC<sub>50</sub> value of the positive control ascorbic acid was 7.98 μg/mL). Thus, the essential oil of this plant might be used as a possible source of natural bioactive molecules in agrochemical industry as well as in food and cosmetic industries.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/4/967<i>taiwania flousiana</i> gaussenessential oilalgicidal activityantimicrobial activityantioxidant activityalgicidal mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Hongmei Liu Jiguang Huang Sifan Yang Jialin Li Lijuan Zhou Chemical Composition, Algicidal, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of <i>Taiwania flousiana</i> Gaussen Molecules <i>taiwania flousiana</i> gaussen essential oil algicidal activity antimicrobial activity antioxidant activity algicidal mechanism |
| title | Chemical Composition, Algicidal, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of <i>Taiwania flousiana</i> Gaussen |
| title_full | Chemical Composition, Algicidal, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of <i>Taiwania flousiana</i> Gaussen |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Composition, Algicidal, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of <i>Taiwania flousiana</i> Gaussen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Composition, Algicidal, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of <i>Taiwania flousiana</i> Gaussen |
| title_short | Chemical Composition, Algicidal, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of <i>Taiwania flousiana</i> Gaussen |
| title_sort | chemical composition algicidal antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of i taiwania flousiana i gaussen |
| topic | <i>taiwania flousiana</i> gaussen essential oil algicidal activity antimicrobial activity antioxidant activity algicidal mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/4/967 |
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