Assessment of the Effect of Organic Matter on Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium Using the Zhijin Early Cambrian Phosphorite as an Example
The geochemistry of rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in phosphorite has been widely studied. However, the effect of organic matter on REY enrichment has not been well determined. We utilized paired inorganic (δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub>) and organic (δ<sup>13<...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/12/7/876 |
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| author | Shengwei Wu Haiying Yang Haifeng Fan Yong Xia Qingtian Meng Shan He Xingxiang Gong |
| author_facet | Shengwei Wu Haiying Yang Haifeng Fan Yong Xia Qingtian Meng Shan He Xingxiang Gong |
| author_sort | Shengwei Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The geochemistry of rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in phosphorite has been widely studied. However, the effect of organic matter on REY enrichment has not been well determined. We utilized paired inorganic (δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub>) and organic (δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub>) carbon isotopes, total organic carbon (TOC), and REY content (∑REY) of the Zhijin Motianchong (MTC) phosphorite and compared them with those of Meishucun (MSC) phosphorite to reveal the effect of organic matter on REY. The δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub> of the MTC area (≈0‰) is heavier than that of the MSC area (−5.23‰ to −1.13‰), whereas δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub> is lighter (−33.85‰ to −26.34‰) in MTC than in MSC (−32.95‰ to −25.50‰). Decoupled δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub> and δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub> in MTC indicate the contribution of chemoautotrophic organisms or methanotrophic bacteria. Compared to the MSC phosphorite, the MTC phosphorite has higher ∑REY and TOC, and these parameters have a positive relationship. MTC phosphorite has REY patterns resembling those of contemporary organic matter. Furthermore, dolomite cement has a higher ∑REY than dolomite in the phosphorus-bearing dolostone. Additionally, pyrites are located on the surface of fluorapatite in the Zhijin phosphorites. It is reasonable to suggest that the REY was released into the pore water owing to the anaerobic oxidation of organic matter at the interface between seawater and sediment, resulting in the REY enrichment of Zhijin phosphorites. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:14:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-3790be163df84732bcb78306422aeb602023-12-01T22:29:09ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2022-07-0112787610.3390/min12070876Assessment of the Effect of Organic Matter on Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium Using the Zhijin Early Cambrian Phosphorite as an ExampleShengwei Wu0Haiying Yang1Haifeng Fan2Yong Xia3Qingtian Meng4Shan He5Xingxiang Gong6State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaNo. 104 Geological Team, Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration & Development, Guiyang 550081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaReserve Bureau of Land and Mineral Resources of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550081, ChinaThe geochemistry of rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in phosphorite has been widely studied. However, the effect of organic matter on REY enrichment has not been well determined. We utilized paired inorganic (δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub>) and organic (δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub>) carbon isotopes, total organic carbon (TOC), and REY content (∑REY) of the Zhijin Motianchong (MTC) phosphorite and compared them with those of Meishucun (MSC) phosphorite to reveal the effect of organic matter on REY. The δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub> of the MTC area (≈0‰) is heavier than that of the MSC area (−5.23‰ to −1.13‰), whereas δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub> is lighter (−33.85‰ to −26.34‰) in MTC than in MSC (−32.95‰ to −25.50‰). Decoupled δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub> and δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub> in MTC indicate the contribution of chemoautotrophic organisms or methanotrophic bacteria. Compared to the MSC phosphorite, the MTC phosphorite has higher ∑REY and TOC, and these parameters have a positive relationship. MTC phosphorite has REY patterns resembling those of contemporary organic matter. Furthermore, dolomite cement has a higher ∑REY than dolomite in the phosphorus-bearing dolostone. Additionally, pyrites are located on the surface of fluorapatite in the Zhijin phosphorites. It is reasonable to suggest that the REY was released into the pore water owing to the anaerobic oxidation of organic matter at the interface between seawater and sediment, resulting in the REY enrichment of Zhijin phosphorites.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/12/7/876Zhijin phosphoritesearly Cambriancarbon isotopestotal organic carbonrare earth elements and yttrium enrichment |
| spellingShingle | Shengwei Wu Haiying Yang Haifeng Fan Yong Xia Qingtian Meng Shan He Xingxiang Gong Assessment of the Effect of Organic Matter on Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium Using the Zhijin Early Cambrian Phosphorite as an Example Minerals Zhijin phosphorites early Cambrian carbon isotopes total organic carbon rare earth elements and yttrium enrichment |
| title | Assessment of the Effect of Organic Matter on Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium Using the Zhijin Early Cambrian Phosphorite as an Example |
| title_full | Assessment of the Effect of Organic Matter on Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium Using the Zhijin Early Cambrian Phosphorite as an Example |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the Effect of Organic Matter on Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium Using the Zhijin Early Cambrian Phosphorite as an Example |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the Effect of Organic Matter on Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium Using the Zhijin Early Cambrian Phosphorite as an Example |
| title_short | Assessment of the Effect of Organic Matter on Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium Using the Zhijin Early Cambrian Phosphorite as an Example |
| title_sort | assessment of the effect of organic matter on rare earth elements and yttrium using the zhijin early cambrian phosphorite as an example |
| topic | Zhijin phosphorites early Cambrian carbon isotopes total organic carbon rare earth elements and yttrium enrichment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/12/7/876 |
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