Population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populations
Abstract Background Domestication, breed formation and intensive selection have resulted in divergent cattle breeds that likely exhibit their own genomic signatures. In this study, we used genotypes from 27,612 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms to characterize population structure based on 9...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | deu |
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BMC
2017-11-01
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| Series: | Genetics Selection Evolution |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12711-017-0358-6 |
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| author | Heidi Signer-Hasler Alexander Burren Markus Neuditschko Mirjam Frischknecht Dorian Garrick Christian Stricker Birgit Gredler Beat Bapst Christine Flury |
| author_facet | Heidi Signer-Hasler Alexander Burren Markus Neuditschko Mirjam Frischknecht Dorian Garrick Christian Stricker Birgit Gredler Beat Bapst Christine Flury |
| author_sort | Heidi Signer-Hasler |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Domestication, breed formation and intensive selection have resulted in divergent cattle breeds that likely exhibit their own genomic signatures. In this study, we used genotypes from 27,612 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms to characterize population structure based on 9214 sires representing nine Swiss dairy cattle populations: Brown Swiss (BS), Braunvieh (BV), Original Braunvieh (OB), Holstein (HO), Red Holstein (RH), Swiss Fleckvieh (SF), Simmental (SI), Eringer (ER) and Evolèner (EV). Genomic inbreeding (F ROH) and signatures of selection were determined by calculating runs of homozygosity (ROH). The results build the basis for a better understanding of the genetic development of Swiss dairy cattle populations and highlight differences between the original populations (i.e. OB, SI, ER and EV) and those that have become more popular in Switzerland as currently reflected by their larger populations (i.e. BS, BV, HO, RH and SF). Results The levels of genetic diversity were highest and lowest in the SF and BS breeds, respectively. Based on F ST values, we conclude that, among all pairwise comparisons, BS and HO (0.156) differ more than the other pairs of populations. The original Swiss cattle populations OB, SI, ER, and EV are clearly genetically separated from the Swiss cattle populations that are now more common and represented by larger numbers of cows. Mean levels of F ROH ranged from 0.027 (ER) to 0.091 (BS). Three of the original Swiss cattle populations, ER (F ROH: 0.027), OB (F ROH: 0.029), and SI (F ROH: 0.039), showed low levels of genomic inbreeding, whereas it was much higher in EV (F ROH: 0.074). Private signatures of selection for the original Swiss cattle populations are reported for BTA4, 5, 11 and 26. Conclusions The low levels of genomic inbreeding observed in the original Swiss cattle populations ER, OB and SI compared to the other breeds are explained by a lesser use of artificial insemination and greater use of natural service. Natural service results in more sires having progeny at each generation and thus this breeding practice is likely the major reason for the remarkable levels of genetic diversity retained within these populations. The fact that the EV population is regionally restricted and its small census size of herd-book cows explain its high level of genomic inbreeding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T22:51:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37a849f65639451ea746bf210112a7be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1297-9686 |
| language | deu |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T22:51:29Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genetics Selection Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-37a849f65639451ea746bf210112a7be2022-12-21T18:09:57ZdeuBMCGenetics Selection Evolution1297-96862017-11-0149111310.1186/s12711-017-0358-6Population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populationsHeidi Signer-Hasler0Alexander Burren1Markus Neuditschko2Mirjam Frischknecht3Dorian Garrick4Christian Stricker5Birgit Gredler6Beat Bapst7Christine Flury8School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied SciencesSchool of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied SciencesAgroscope, Swiss National Stud FarmSchool of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied SciencesMassey Universityagn GeneticsQualitas AGQualitas AGSchool of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied SciencesAbstract Background Domestication, breed formation and intensive selection have resulted in divergent cattle breeds that likely exhibit their own genomic signatures. In this study, we used genotypes from 27,612 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms to characterize population structure based on 9214 sires representing nine Swiss dairy cattle populations: Brown Swiss (BS), Braunvieh (BV), Original Braunvieh (OB), Holstein (HO), Red Holstein (RH), Swiss Fleckvieh (SF), Simmental (SI), Eringer (ER) and Evolèner (EV). Genomic inbreeding (F ROH) and signatures of selection were determined by calculating runs of homozygosity (ROH). The results build the basis for a better understanding of the genetic development of Swiss dairy cattle populations and highlight differences between the original populations (i.e. OB, SI, ER and EV) and those that have become more popular in Switzerland as currently reflected by their larger populations (i.e. BS, BV, HO, RH and SF). Results The levels of genetic diversity were highest and lowest in the SF and BS breeds, respectively. Based on F ST values, we conclude that, among all pairwise comparisons, BS and HO (0.156) differ more than the other pairs of populations. The original Swiss cattle populations OB, SI, ER, and EV are clearly genetically separated from the Swiss cattle populations that are now more common and represented by larger numbers of cows. Mean levels of F ROH ranged from 0.027 (ER) to 0.091 (BS). Three of the original Swiss cattle populations, ER (F ROH: 0.027), OB (F ROH: 0.029), and SI (F ROH: 0.039), showed low levels of genomic inbreeding, whereas it was much higher in EV (F ROH: 0.074). Private signatures of selection for the original Swiss cattle populations are reported for BTA4, 5, 11 and 26. Conclusions The low levels of genomic inbreeding observed in the original Swiss cattle populations ER, OB and SI compared to the other breeds are explained by a lesser use of artificial insemination and greater use of natural service. Natural service results in more sires having progeny at each generation and thus this breeding practice is likely the major reason for the remarkable levels of genetic diversity retained within these populations. The fact that the EV population is regionally restricted and its small census size of herd-book cows explain its high level of genomic inbreeding.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12711-017-0358-6 |
| spellingShingle | Heidi Signer-Hasler Alexander Burren Markus Neuditschko Mirjam Frischknecht Dorian Garrick Christian Stricker Birgit Gredler Beat Bapst Christine Flury Population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populations Genetics Selection Evolution |
| title | Population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populations |
| title_full | Population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populations |
| title_fullStr | Population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populations |
| title_short | Population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine Swiss dairy cattle populations |
| title_sort | population structure and genomic inbreeding in nine swiss dairy cattle populations |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12711-017-0358-6 |
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